Yang Jinwen, Ma Changlu, Jia Ru, Zhang Haiyan, Zhao Yanming, Yue Haiwang, Li Heqin, Jiang Xuwen
College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Feb 10;14:1065891. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1065891. eCollection 2023.
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a pest with an amazing appetite, damages many crops and causes great losses, especially maize. Understanding the differences in different maize cultivars' responses to infestation is very important for revealing the mechanisms involved in the resistance of maize plants to . In this study, a comparative analysis of two maize cultivars, the common cultivar 'ZD958' and the sweet cultivar 'JG218', was used to investigate their physico-biochemical responses to infestation by a pot experiment. The results showed that the enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense responses of maize seedlings were rapidly induced by . Frist, the hydrogen peroxide (HO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of infested maize leaves were significantly increased and then decreased to the level of the control. Furthermore, compared with the control leaves, the puncture force values and the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one contents of infested leaves were significantly increased within a certain time. The superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities of infested leaves were significantly increased in a certain period of time, while the catalase activities decreased significantly and then increased to the control level. The jasmonic acid (JA) levels of infested leaves were significantly improved, whereas the salicylic acid and abscisic acid levels changed less. Signaling genes associated with phytohormones and defensive substances including , , , , and were significantly induced at certain time points, especially . Most of these parameters changed greater in JG218 than in ZD958. Moreover, the larvae bioassay showed that larvae weighed more on JG218 leaves than those on ZD958 leaves. These results suggested that JG218 was more susceptible to than ZD958. Our findings will make it easier to develop strategies for controlling for sustainable maize production and breeding of new maize cultivars with increased resistance to herbivores.
（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）是一种食量惊人的害虫，会损害多种作物并造成巨大损失，尤其是玉米。了解不同玉米品种对虫害反应的差异对于揭示玉米植株抗虫机制非常重要。在本研究中，通过盆栽试验对普通品种‘ZD958’和甜玉米品种‘JG218’这两个玉米品种进行了比较分析，以研究它们对虫害的生理生化反应。结果表明，玉米幼苗的酶促和非酶促防御反应被虫害迅速诱导。首先，受虫害玉米叶片中的过氧化氢（HO）和丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增加，然后降至对照水平。此外，与对照叶片相比，受虫害叶片的穿刺力值以及总酚、总黄酮和2,4 - 二羟基 - 7 - 甲氧基 - 1,4 - 苯并恶嗪 - 3 - 酮含量在一定时间内显著增加。受虫害叶片的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性在一定时期内显著增加，而过氧化氢酶活性显著下降，然后升至对照水平。受虫害叶片的茉莉酸（JA）水平显著提高，而水杨酸和脱落酸水平变化较小。与植物激素和防御物质相关的信号基因包括 、 、 、 和 在特定时间点显著诱导，尤其是 在特定时间点显著诱导，尤其是 。这些参数中的大多数在JG218中变化比在ZD958中更大。此外，幼虫生物测定表明，JG218叶片上的 幼虫比ZD958叶片上的幼虫体重更重。这些结果表明，JG218比ZD958更容易受到 的侵害。我们的研究结果将有助于制定控制 的策略，以实现玉米的可持续生产和培育对食草动物具有更高抗性的新玉米品种。 （注：原文中部分未明确写出的基因名称用 表示）
