Huertas Herrera Alejandro, Toro-Manríquez Mónica D R, Lorenzo Cristian, Lencinas María Vanessa, Martínez Pastur Guillermo
Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile.
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC CONICET), Ushuaia, Argentina.
Humanit Soc Sci Commun. 2023;10(1):66. doi: 10.1057/s41599-023-01545-w. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
Socio-ecology studies the relationships between human activities and natural systems and their importance in management and public policy. Our objective was to analyse how published papers in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) perform socio-ecological studies and compare them between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. To do this, we used the Scopus platform as a source for searching and obtaining scientific papers about socio-ecological studies conducted in countries from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. We calculated the number () of papers published per year and classified them using the main subject areas of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank database. Then, we analysed whether papers included specific recommendations for natural system management, nature conservation, policies or governance structures, or science in general. Besides, we studied whether the papers addressed socio-ecological studies related to flora and fauna and from what specific group of organisms or systems. Data were compared using the chi-square ( ) test (Pearson < 0.005). A total of 467 papers were analysed, where 34% were from the Southern Hemisphere (mainly Argentina, Australia, Chile, and South Africa) and 66% from the Northern Hemisphere (mainly the USA, Canada, and Spain). The Northern Hemisphere (mainly North America and Europe) played a major role in the socio-ecological knowledge exchange than the Southern Hemisphere (South America and Africa). The results showed socio-ecological studies focused mainly on generating management recommendations in social and environmental science fields. The number of studies coming from the Northern Hemisphere was significantly higher than those from the Southern Hemisphere. Most of them were conducted at a local level (e.g., watersheds or human settlements) in three different systems (i) terrestrial (e.g., forests or grasslands), (ii) freshwater (e.g., rivers or streams) and (iii) marine (e.g., coastlines or seas). Most of the studies (70%) were conducted in production systems, where the majority included livestock (mainly bovine) and aquatic fisheries (e.g., salmon, artisanal coastal fishing, or trout). Most vegetation papers (65%) were on native forests. Papers on wildlife made up 30% of all animal-related studies, with mammals, birds, and marine invertebrates (such as collars) being the most extensively researched species. This work highlighted the socio-ecological approach that was used in the analysed countries with greater HDI to develop management options for natural systems.
社会生态学研究人类活动与自然系统之间的关系及其在管理和公共政策中的重要性。我们的目标是分析人类发展指数（HDI）较高的国家发表的论文如何进行社会生态研究，并在南北半球之间进行比较。为此，我们使用Scopus平台作为搜索和获取有关在南北半球国家进行的社会生态研究的科学论文的来源。我们计算了每年发表的论文数量（），并使用Scimago期刊与国家排名数据库的主要主题领域对其进行分类。然后，我们分析了论文是否包括对自然系统管理、自然保护、政策或治理结构或一般科学的具体建议。此外，我们研究了论文是否涉及与动植物相关的社会生态研究以及来自哪些特定的生物或系统群体。使用卡方（）检验（Pearson < 0.005）比较数据。总共分析了467篇论文，其中34%来自南半球（主要是阿根廷、澳大利亚、智利和南非），66%来自北半球（主要是美国、加拿大和西班牙）。北半球（主要是北美和欧洲）在社会生态知识交流中比南半球（南美和非洲）发挥了更大的作用。结果表明，社会生态研究主要集中在社会和环境科学领域生成管理建议。来自北半球的研究数量明显高于来自南半球的研究数量。其中大多数是在三个不同系统的地方层面（如流域或人类住区）进行的：（i）陆地（如森林或草原），（ii）淡水（如河流或溪流）和（iii）海洋（如海岸线或海洋）。大多数研究（70%）是在生产系统中进行的，其中大多数包括畜牧业（主要是牛）和水产渔业（如鲑鱼、手工沿海捕鱼或鳟鱼）。大多数植被论文（65%）是关于原生森林的。关于野生动物的论文占所有动物相关研究的30%，哺乳动物、鸟类和海洋无脊椎动物（如海豹）是研究最广泛的物种。这项工作突出了在HDI较高的分析国家中用于为自然系统制定管理方案的社会生态方法。
