Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China.
Luzhou Modern Agriculture Development Promotion Center, Luzhou, China.
Physiol Genomics. 2023 Mar 1;55(3):147-153. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00157.2022. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Neijiang (NJ) and Yacha (YC) are two indigenous pig breeds in the Sichuan basin of China, displaying higher resistance to diseases, lower lean ratio, and slower growth rate than the commercial Western pig breed Yorkshire (YS). The molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in growth and development between these pig breeds are still unknown. In the present study, five pigs from NJ, YC, and YS breeds were subjected to the whole genome resequencing, and then the differential single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened using a 10-kb window sliding in 1-kb step using the F method. Finally, 48,924, 48,543, and 46,228 nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism loci (nsSNPs) were identified between NJ and YS, NJ and YC, and YC and YS, which highly or moderately affected 2,490, 800, and 444 genes, respectively. Moreover, three nsSNPs were detected in the genes of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 () insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (), insulin-like growth factor 2 and mRNA-binding protein 3 (), which potentially affected the transformation of acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA and the normal functions of the insulin signaling pathways. Moreover, serous determinations revealed significantly lower acetyl-CoA content in YC than in YS, supporting that might be a reason explaining the differences in growth and development between YC and YS breeds. Contents of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidic acid (PA) significantly differed between the pig breeds, suggesting that glycerophospholipid metabolism might be another reason for the differences between Chinese and Western pig breeds. Overall, these results might contribute basic information to understand the genetic differences determining the phenotypical traits in pigs.
内江猪和雅南猪是中国四川盆地的两个本土猪种，与商业性西方猪种约克夏猪相比，它们具有更高的疾病抵抗力、更低的瘦肉率和更慢的生长速度。这些猪种在生长和发育方面的差异的分子机制尚不清楚。本研究对来自内江猪、雅南猪和约克夏猪的五头猪进行了全基因组重测序，然后使用 F 方法以 1kb 步长 10kb 窗口滑动筛选差异单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。最终，在 NJ 和 YS、NJ 和 YC 以及 YC 和 YS 之间分别鉴定出 48924、48543 和 46228 个非同义单核苷酸多态性（nsSNP）位点，这些 SNP 高度或中度影响了 2490、800 和 444 个基因。此外，在乙酰辅酶 A 乙酰转移酶 1 ()、胰岛素样生长因子 2 受体 () 和胰岛素样生长因子 2 和 mRNA 结合蛋白 3 () 的基因中检测到三个 nsSNP，这些 SNP 可能影响乙酰辅酶 A 向乙酰乙酰辅酶 A 的转化以及胰岛素信号通路的正常功能。此外，血清测定显示雅南猪的乙酰辅酶 A 含量明显低于约克夏猪，这支持 可能是雅南猪和约克夏猪生长和发育差异的一个原因。磷脂酰胆碱 (PC) 和磷脂酸 (PA) 的含量在猪种之间存在显著差异，提示甘油磷脂代谢可能是中西方猪种差异的另一个原因。总的来说，这些结果可能为了解决定猪表型特征的遗传差异提供基础信息。
