Dan Haifeng, Liu Chengming, Zhang Huiling, Gan Mailin, Wang Yan, Chen Lei, Zhao Ye, Liu Bin, Zhu Kangping, Niu Lili, Zhu Li, Shen Linyuan
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Nov 25;11:1493284. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1493284. eCollection 2024.
Obese pig breeds have excellent meat quality, while lean pig breeds have high lean meat percentage and feed conversion rate. However, due to their respective shortcomings, obese pig and lean pig breeds are unable to balance production and consumption needs. Therefore, this study crossbred the obese Chinese pig breed Neijiang (NJ) with lean type Large White pigs (LW) to produce Neijiang × Large White(NL) pigs. This study compared the differences in carcass and meat quality traits between NJ pigs and NL pigs, and for the first time comprehensively analyzed the longissimus dorsi muscle of NJ pigs and NL pigs using transcriptomics and metabolomics. The results of slaughter and meat quality testing indicate that the carcass performance of NL pigs was significantly higher than that of NJ pigs, and the excellent meat quality characteristics of NJ pigs were also retained on NL pigs. The results of transcriptomics and metabolomics showed that there were 635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 11 significantly different metabolites (SDM) in the longissimus dorsi muscle of NJ and NL pigs. The results of multi omics joint analysis showed that betaine, uridine triphosphate, glycerol 3-phosphate, and glutathione in SDMs were enriched in the shared KEGG pathway and significantly correlated with C1QTNF12, GGA3, SLC16A6, and RXRG in DEGs. In general, it is feasible to enhance the production performance of NJ pigs through crossbreeding with LW pigs. The hybrid offspring inherit the advantages of these two varieties, maintaining excellent meat quality while also having better carcass performance.
肥胖型猪品种具有优良的肉质，而瘦肉型猪品种具有较高的瘦肉率和饲料转化率。然而，由于它们各自的缺点，肥胖型猪和瘦肉型猪品种无法平衡生产和消费需求。因此，本研究将肥胖型中国猪品种内江猪（NJ）与瘦肉型大白猪（LW）杂交，培育出内江×大白（NL）猪。本研究比较了NJ猪和NL猪在胴体和肉质性状上的差异，并首次利用转录组学和代谢组学对NJ猪和NL猪的背最长肌进行了全面分析。屠宰和肉质检测结果表明，NL猪的胴体性能显著高于NJ猪，NJ猪优良的肉质特性在NL猪中也得以保留。转录组学和代谢组学结果显示，NJ猪和NL猪背最长肌中有635个差异表达基因（DEGs）和11种显著差异代谢物（SDMs）。多组学联合分析结果表明，SDMs中的甜菜碱、三磷酸尿苷、3-磷酸甘油和谷胱甘肽在共享的KEGG通路中富集，并与DEGs中的C1QTNF12、GGA3、SLC16A6和RXRG显著相关。总体而言，通过与LW猪杂交提高NJ猪的生产性能是可行的。杂种后代继承了这两个品种的优点，在保持优良肉质的同时也具有较好的胴体性能。
