不同磷阶段饲喂方案及日粮钙水平对蛋鸡生产性能和体磷的影响

Influence of different phosphorus phase-feeding programs and dietary calcium level on performance and body phosphorus of laying hens.

作者信息

Sell J L, Scheideler S E, Rahn B E

机构信息

Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 1987 Sep;66(9):1524-30. doi: 10.3382/ps.0661524.

DOI:10.3382/ps.0661524

PMID:3684880

Abstract

Two nonphytate P (NPP) feeding programs (.35, -.25, -.15% NPP or .45, -.35, -.25% NPP during the age intervals of 23 to 35, 35 to 51, and 51 to 71 wk, respectively) were evaluated for White Leghorn hens in a complete factorial arrangement with 3.3 or 4.0% dietary Ca. Total P (TP) concentrations of the NPP feeding programs, as determined by analysis, were .60, -.48, and -.37 or .70, -.58, and -.46%, respectively. Egg production, feed efficiency, and egg weight over the 48-wk experiment were reduced significantly by the .35, -.25, and -.15% NPP program, irrespective of dietary Ca. Most adverse effects of the low NPP program occurred from 51 to 71 wk when hens fed .15% NPP consumed about 150 mg NPP daily as compared with NPP intake of 250 mg daily for hens fed .25% NPP. Hens fed 3.3% Ca consumed significantly more feed than did those fed 4.0% Ca, irrespective of NPP feeding program or age period. Neither NPP or Ca levels affected eggshell thickness at 71 wk nor mortality during the experiment. Dietary NPP and Ca did not significantly affect P content of the body, including feathers. Body P declined from an average of 8.6 g/hen at 23 wk of age to 7.3 g/hen at 55 and 63 wk. By 71 wk, body P returned to 8.6 g/hen. The results show that NPP intakes of 250 mg and 150 mg/hen daily from 35 to 51 and from 51 to 71 wk, respectively, were inadequate for laying hens' performance, but no adverse effects of these NPP intakes on body P were detected. It seems that utilization of dietary P was affected adversely by high ambient temperatures.

摘要

在完全析因设计中，对白来航蛋鸡评估了两种非植酸磷（NPP）饲喂方案（分别在23至35周、35至51周和51至71周龄期间，NPP含量为0.35%、0.25%、0.15%或0.45%、0.35%、0.25%），日粮钙含量分别为3.3%或4.0%。经分析测定，NPP饲喂方案中的总磷（TP）浓度分别为0.60%、0.48%、0.37%或0.70%、0.58%、0.46%。在48周的试验中，无论日粮钙含量如何，0.35%、0.25%、0.15%的NPP方案均显著降低了产蛋量、饲料效率和蛋重。低NPP方案的大多数不利影响发生在51至71周龄，此时饲喂0.15%NPP的母鸡每天摄入约150毫克NPP，而饲喂0.25%NPP的母鸡每天摄入250毫克NPP。无论NPP饲喂方案或年龄阶段如何，饲喂3.3%钙的母鸡比饲喂4.0%钙的母鸡消耗的饲料显著更多。NPP和钙水平均未影响71周龄时的蛋壳厚度或试验期间的死亡率。日粮NPP和钙对包括羽毛在内的机体磷含量没有显著影响。机体磷含量从23周龄时的平均8.6克/只下降到55周龄和63周龄时的7.3克/只。到71周龄时，机体磷含量恢复到8.6克/只。结果表明，分别在35至51周龄和51至71周龄期间，母鸡每天摄入250毫克和每天摄入150毫克NPP不足以维持产蛋性能，但未检测到这些NPP摄入量对机体磷有不利影响。似乎高温环境对日粮磷的利用率有不利影响。