Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States of America.
Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States of America; AEACS, LLC, New Kensington, PA, United States of America.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 1;875:162337. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162337. Epub 2023 Feb 26.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse family of industrially significant synthetic chemicals infamous for extreme environmental persistence and global environmental distribution. Many PFAS are bioaccumulative and biologically active mainly due to their tendency to bind with various proteins. These protein interactions are important in determining the accumulation potential and tissue distribution of individual PFAS. Trophodynamics studies including aquatic food webs present inconsistent evidence for PFAS biomagnification. This study strives to identify whether the observed variability in PFAS bioaccumulation potential among species could correspond with interspecies protein composition differences. Specifically, this work compares the perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) serum protein binding potential and the tissue distribution of ten perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) detected in alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii), and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of the Lake Ontario aquatic piscivorous food web. These three fish sera and fetal bovine reference serum all had unique total serum protein concentrations. Serum protein-PFOS binding experiments showed divergent patterns between fetal bovine serum and fish sera, suggesting potentially two different PFOS binding mechanisms. To identify interspecies differences in PFAS-binding serum proteins, fish sera were pre-equilibrated with PFOS, fractionated by serial molecular weight cut-off filter fractionation, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the tryptic protein digests and the PFOS extracts of each fraction. This workflow identified similar serum proteins for all fish species. However, serum albumin was only identified in lake trout, suggesting apolipoproteins are likely the primary PFAA transporters in alewife and deepwater sculpin sera. PFAA tissue distribution analysis provided supporting evidence for interspecies variations in lipid transport and storage, which may also contribute to the varied PFAA accumulation in these species. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD039145.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是一组种类繁多的工业用合成化学品，以极强的环境持久性和全球环境分布而闻名。许多 PFAS 具有生物蓄积性和生物活性，主要是因为它们与各种蛋白质结合的趋势。这些蛋白质相互作用对于确定个体 PFAS 的积累潜力和组织分布非常重要。包括水生食物网在内的营养动力学研究对 PFAS 的生物放大作用提供了不一致的证据。本研究旨在确定物种间观察到的 PFAS 生物蓄积潜力的可变性是否与种间蛋白质组成差异相对应。具体来说，这项工作比较了全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）血清蛋白结合潜力以及在安大略湖水生生食食物链中的鲱鱼（Alosa pseudoharengus）、深海杜父鱼（Myoxocephalus thompsonii）和湖鳟（Salvelinus namaycush）中检测到的十种全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）的组织分布。这三种鱼血清和胎牛参考血清的总血清蛋白浓度均具有独特性。血清蛋白-PFOS 结合实验表明胎牛血清和鱼血清之间存在不同的模式，表明可能存在两种不同的 PFOS 结合机制。为了鉴定 PFAS 结合血清蛋白的种间差异，将鱼血清与 PFOS 预平衡，然后通过串联分子量截止过滤分级进行分级，随后对每个级分的胰蛋白酶蛋白消化物和 PFOS 提取物进行液相色谱-串联质谱分析。该工作流程鉴定了所有鱼类的相似血清蛋白。然而，仅在湖鳟血清中鉴定到血清白蛋白，表明载脂蛋白可能是鲱鱼和深海杜父鱼血清中主要的 PFAA 转运蛋白。PFAA 组织分布分析为脂质转运和储存的种间差异提供了支持证据，这也可能导致这些物种中 PFAA 积累的差异。蛋白质组学数据可通过 ProteomeXchange 以标识符 PXD039145 获得。
