Institute of Future Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
Plant Mol Biol. 2023 Apr;111(6):455-472. doi: 10.1007/s11103-023-01338-4. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
The forkhead-associated (FHA) domain, a well-characterized small protein module that mediates protein-protein interactions by targeting motifs containing phosphothreonine, is present in many regulatory molecules like protein kinase, phosphatases, transcription factors, and other functional proteins. FHA-domain containing proteins in yeast and human are involved in a large variety of cellular processes such as DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, or pre-mRNA processing. Since the first FHA-domain protein, kinase-associated protein phosphatase (KAPP) was found in plants, the interest in plant FHA-containing proteins has increased dramatically, mainly due to the important role of FHA domain-containing proteins in plant growth and development. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental properties of FHA domain-containing proteins in plants, and systematically summarized and analyzed the research progress of proteins containing the FHA domain in plants. We also emphasized that AT5G47790 and its homologs may play an important role as the regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in plants.
叉头相关（FHA）结构域是一种经过充分研究的小型蛋白模块，通过靶向含有磷酸苏氨酸的基序来介导蛋白-蛋白相互作用，存在于许多调节分子中，如蛋白激酶、磷酸酶、转录因子和其他功能蛋白。酵母和人类中的 FHA 结构域蛋白参与多种细胞过程，如 DNA 修复、细胞周期停滞或前体 mRNA 加工。自从在植物中发现了第一个 FHA 结构域蛋白激酶相关蛋白磷酸酶（KAPP）以来，人们对植物中含有 FHA 结构域的蛋白的兴趣显著增加，主要是因为 FHA 结构域蛋白在植物生长和发育中起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们提供了植物中 FHA 结构域蛋白的基本特性的全面概述，并系统地总结和分析了植物中含有 FHA 结构域的蛋白的研究进展。我们还强调，AT5G47790 及其同源物可能作为植物蛋白磷酸酶 1（PP1）的调节亚基发挥重要作用。
