Slomka Sebastian, Zieba Patrycja, Rosiak Oskar, Piekarska Anna
Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatry, Bieganski Regional Specialist Hospital, 91-347 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Otolaryngology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 98-338 Lodz, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 6;11(2):366. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020366.
The fast spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus accelerated efforts to create an effective vaccine, and a novel mRNA vaccine was the first to appear effective. Scientific evidence regarding mRNA vaccination is limited; therefore, understanding how the immune system responds to an mRNA vaccine is critical. Our study was aimed at a long-term analysis of the presence and maintenance of the immune response using the chemiluminescent method by analyzing the level of IgG antibodies in vaccinated people who were and were not infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Healthcare workers with a history of COVID-19 or who were naïve to the infection were recruited for this study and administered two subsequent doses of the Comirnaty vaccine. IgG SRBD antibody levels were evaluated every month for six consecutive months using the chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA).
A total of 149 individuals were recruited for this study, 68 had evidence of past COVID-19 infection, with 63 exhibiting elevated IgG SRBD antibody levels at initial evaluation. Statistically significant differences were observed between COVID-19 convalescents and non-convalescents at all study time points, with the convalescent group consequently representing higher antibody levels.
COVID-19 convalescents showed a stronger immune response to the vaccine after the first dose. This group exhibited higher IgG levels in all examinations during the observation period. The natural waning of antibody levels can be observed within six months. A booster vaccination may be required. No serious side effects were observed.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的快速传播加速了研发有效疫苗的努力，一种新型信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗率先显示出有效性。关于mRNA疫苗接种的科学证据有限；因此，了解免疫系统对mRNA疫苗的反应至关重要。我们的研究旨在通过分析接种了和未感染SARS-CoV-2病毒的人群中免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体水平，使用化学发光法对免疫反应的存在和维持进行长期分析。
招募有新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）病史或未感染过该病毒的医护人员参与本研究，并先后接种两剂Comirnaty疫苗。连续六个月每月使用化学发光免疫分析法（CLIA）评估IgG刺突受体结合域（SRBD）抗体水平。
本研究共招募了149名个体，其中68人有既往COVID-19感染证据，63人在初始评估时IgG SRBD抗体水平升高。在所有研究时间点，COVID-19康复者和未康复者之间观察到统计学上的显著差异，康复组的抗体水平更高。
COVID-19康复者在接种第一剂疫苗后对疫苗表现出更强的免疫反应。该组在观察期内的所有检查中均表现出较高的IgG水平。抗体水平可在六个月内自然下降。可能需要加强接种。未观察到严重的副作用。
