Laboratory of Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Viruses. 2023 Feb 13;15(2):526. doi: 10.3390/v15020526.
Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs) include viruses that can induce lymphoproliferative diseases and tumors. These viruses can persist in the long term in the absence of any pathological manifestation in their natural host. (AlHV-1) belongs to the genus and asymptomatically infects its natural host, the wildebeest ( spp.). However, when transmitted to several susceptible species belonging to the order , AlHV-1 is responsible for the induction of a lethal lymphoproliferative disease, named wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever (WD-MCF). Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the induction of WD-MCF is important to better control the risks of transmission and disease development in susceptible species. The aim of this review is to synthesize the current knowledge on WD-MCF with a particular focus on the mechanisms by which AlHV-1 induces the disease. We discuss the potential mechanisms of pathogenesis from viral entry into the host to the maintenance of viral genomes in infected CD8 T lymphocytes, and we present current hypotheses to explain how AlHV-1 infection induces a peripheral T cell lymphoma-like disease.
γ疱疹病毒（γHVs）包括可诱导淋巴组织增生性疾病和肿瘤的病毒。这些病毒在其自然宿主中没有任何病理表现的情况下可以长期存在。（AlHV-1）属于属，无症状地感染其自然宿主，角马（ spp.）。然而，当传播给几个属于目 的易感物种时，AlHV-1 会导致一种致命的淋巴组织增生性疾病，称为源自角马的恶性卡他热（WD-MCF）。了解诱导 WD-MCF 的致病机制对于更好地控制易感物种中的传播和疾病发展风险非常重要。本综述的目的是综合目前关于 WD-MCF 的知识，特别关注 AlHV-1 诱导疾病的机制。我们讨论了从病毒进入宿主到感染的 CD8 T 淋巴细胞中病毒基因组的维持的发病机制的潜在机制，并提出了目前的假设来解释 AlHV-1 感染如何诱导外周 T 细胞淋巴瘤样疾病。
