Social Sciences Department, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Adolesc. 2023 Jul;95(5):865-878. doi: 10.1002/jad.12159. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Despite the clinical relevance, little is known about variability in positive adult outcomes (i.e., flourishing, life satisfaction) of female adolescent conduct problems (CP), or interpersonal factors that promote these types of well-being. We hypothesized differential associations between adolescent CP trajectories and indicators of adult well-being due to level of positive relationships with caregivers during ages 12-17.
Data were drawn from participants (N = 1965) of the Pittsburgh Girls Study, a longitudinal study of girls' development. Caregiver reported CP, adolescent reports of parental trust and positive parenting, and adolescent-reported peer delinquency were assessed annually between ages 12-17. Well-being in young adulthood was measured using self-reported flourishing and life satisfaction between ages 18-22.
Latent class growth analysis of adolescent CP revealed four trajectories characterized as low stable (20.0%), moderate stable (63.9%), adolescent-onset (8.1%), and high quadratic (8.0%). Main effects of trust and positive relationships with caregivers during adolescence on well-being in early adulthood were found. Positive parenting was found to moderate the association between CP trajectory and flourishing. The magnitude of the negative association between the high quadratic trajectory group and life satisfaction decreased as positive parenting increased.
These results support the importance of intervention in adolescence to focus on increasing trusting and positive relationships with caregivers for all females, as this may increase well-being in adulthood regardless of adolescent CP history.
尽管具有临床相关性，但对于女性青少年品行问题（CP）的积极成人结果（即繁荣、生活满意度）的变异性，或促进这些类型幸福感的人际因素知之甚少。我们假设，由于 12-17 岁期间与照顾者的积极关系水平不同，青少年 CP 轨迹与成人幸福感指标之间存在差异关联。
数据来自匹兹堡女孩研究（Pittsburgh Girls Study）的参与者（N=1965），这是一项关于女孩发展的纵向研究。每年在 12-17 岁之间评估照顾者报告的 CP、青少年报告的父母信任和积极的育儿方式以及青少年报告的同伴犯罪行为。青年期的幸福感使用 18-22 岁之间的自我报告的繁荣和生活满意度来衡量。
青少年 CP 的潜在类别增长分析显示，有四个轨迹特征为低稳定（20.0%）、中稳定（63.9%）、青少年发病（8.1%）和高二次（8.0%）。发现青少年时期与照顾者的信任和积极关系对成年早期的幸福感有主要影响。发现积极的育儿方式可以调节 CP 轨迹与繁荣之间的关系。随着积极的育儿方式增加，高二次轨迹组与生活满意度之间的负相关的幅度减小。
这些结果支持了在青春期进行干预的重要性，重点是增加与所有女性照顾者的信任和积极关系，因为这可能会增加成年后的幸福感，而不论青少年 CP 的历史如何。
