Poirier Martine, Déry Michèle, Temcheff Caroline E, Toupin Jean, Verlaan Pierrette, Lemelin Jean-Pascal
Department of Education, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300, allée des Ursulines, C. P. 3300, succ. A, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada.
Department of Psychoeducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 Jul;25(7):743-54. doi: 10.1007/s00787-015-0796-z. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
Youth with conduct problems (CP) may experience high rates of depressive symptoms (DS). However, little is known about the direction of the longitudinal associations between CP and DS in this specific population. Although girls with CP appear at greater risk than boys for presenting comorbid depression, empirical research on gender differences in these associations is even sparser. The current study used autoregressive latent trajectory models to compare four perspectives with hypotheses regarding the longitudinal associations between CP and DS, while taking into account the evolution of both problems. We also examined gender differences in the longitudinal associations. A total of 345 children (40.6 % female) presenting with a high level of CP in early elementary school (mean age at study inception = 8.52; SD = .94) were evaluated annually over a four-year period (5 measurement time points). The results revealed that CP and DS were quite stable over time. Moreover, CP and DS showed strong covariation at each measurement time point, but only one significant positive cross-lagged association between the two processes, indicating that higher levels of DS at time 3 were associated with higher levels of CP 1 year later. No differences were observed in the longitudinal associations between CP and DS in boys and girls. Given the comorbidity and stability of CP and DS, these findings suggest that DS should be systematically evaluated among children with early clinically significant CP, and treatment plans should include interventions aimed at both CP and DS among children who present with both types of problems.
有品行问题（CP）的青少年可能有较高比例的抑郁症状（DS）。然而，对于这一特定人群中CP与DS之间纵向关联的方向，我们知之甚少。尽管患有CP的女孩出现共病性抑郁的风险似乎比男孩更高，但关于这些关联中性别差异的实证研究更为稀少。本研究使用自回归潜在轨迹模型，比较了关于CP与DS之间纵向关联的四种观点及假设，同时考虑了这两种问题的发展变化。我们还研究了纵向关联中的性别差异。共有345名在小学低年级时CP水平较高的儿童（40.6%为女性）（研究开始时的平均年龄 = 8.52岁；标准差 = 0.94）在四年期间（5个测量时间点）每年接受评估。结果显示，CP和DS随时间推移相当稳定。此外，CP和DS在每个测量时间点都表现出强烈的共变关系，但这两个过程之间只有一个显著的正向交叉滞后关联，表明在第3时间点较高水平的DS与1年后较高水平的CP相关。在男孩和女孩中，CP与DS之间的纵向关联未观察到差异。鉴于CP和DS的共病性及稳定性，这些发现表明，对于早期临床上有显著CP的儿童，应系统地评估DS，并且治疗计划应包括针对同时存在这两种问题的儿童的CP和DS的干预措施。
