Campagna Rebecca A, Roberts Elizabeth, Porco Alice, Fritz Curtis L
1Veterinary Public Health Section, Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA.
2California Department of Health Care Access and Information, Sacramento, CA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Feb 22;261(5):723-732. doi: 10.2460/javma.22.11.0494. Print 2023 May 1.
To describe the clinical and epidemiologic features of persons with dog and cat bite injuries who presented to emergency departments.
Records of 648,492 dog and cat bite-related emergency department visits in California from 2005 to 2019.
Visits were selected by standardized International Classification of Diseases, Ninth or Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes that indicated a bite as an external cause of injury in the medical record. Incidence rates were calculated for patient demographics, location and month of bite incident, characteristics of bite injury, infection, patient outcome/disposition, and expected source of payment. Cross-sectional descriptive analysis was performed.
The average annual incidence of dog bites was highest in children aged < 10 years and males, while that of cat bites was highest in adults aged ≥ 80 years and females. Bites were more likely to occur in rural settings, in private residences, and during the summer. The median household income for zip codes in which animal bite patients resided was lower than the statewide median household income. Both dog and cat bite injuries were more likely to occur to upper limbs. Bacteria were isolated from 3% of dog bite injuries and 21.5% of cat bite injuries at initial presentation.
Epidemiologic findings about persons presenting to emergency departments for animal bite injuries can inform bite prevention efforts by identifying at-risk populations. Effective animal bite prevention demands an ongoing multisectoral program of veterinarians and other health professionals, collaborating with community and governmental organizations, to develop and implement integrated strategies within the context of other socially contributory factors.
描述前往急诊科就诊的被狗和猫咬伤者的临床及流行病学特征。
2005年至2019年加利福尼亚州648492次与狗和猫咬伤相关的急诊科就诊记录。
通过标准化的国际疾病分类第九版或第十版临床修订本代码选择就诊记录，这些代码在病历中表明咬伤是损伤的外部原因。计算了患者人口统计学特征、咬伤事件发生地点和月份、咬伤损伤特征、感染情况、患者结局/处置方式以及预期支付来源的发病率。进行了横断面描述性分析。
狗咬伤的年平均发病率在10岁以下儿童和男性中最高，而猫咬伤的年平均发病率在80岁及以上成年人和女性中最高。咬伤更有可能发生在农村地区、私人住宅中以及夏季。动物咬伤患者居住邮编区域的家庭收入中位数低于该州家庭收入中位数。狗和猫咬伤均更易发生在上肢。初次就诊时，3%的狗咬伤损伤和21.5%的猫咬伤损伤中分离出细菌。
关于前往急诊科就诊的动物咬伤患者的流行病学调查结果可通过识别高危人群为咬伤预防工作提供信息。有效的动物咬伤预防需要兽医和其他卫生专业人员持续开展多部门项目，与社区和政府组织合作，在其他社会促成因素的背景下制定和实施综合策略。
