Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
Waste Manag Res. 2023 Aug;41(8):1318-1330. doi: 10.1177/0734242X231155095. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Over one-third of the produced food is wasted globally. Most food is wasted at the consumer stage. The use of waste sorting analysis is considered to deliver more precise and less biased results than self-reporting methodologies. Currently, no detailed studies on the amounts and composition of household food waste are available for Poland. In the current paper the results of a food waste generation study in the city of Opole in Poland are presented. Both the residual and biowaste from 1425 citizens living in three different city areas was analysed during five seasonal waste sorting campaigns. The food waste was sorted in 16 avoidable and four non-avoidable fractions. The results of this study showed that in the city of Opole the absolute amount of both the avoidable and non-avoidable food waste is higher in the mixed waste stream than in the biowaste (42.8 kg inh. in the residual waste and 19 kg inh. in the biowaste, yearly). Thus, the total segregation level of food waste constitutes at the moment only 31%. The four main categories of avoidable food waste in the mixed waste are: bread (23.9%), vegetables (23.3%), meat (15.1%) and potatoes (7.8%). For the biowaste, the main four categories include: fruits (35.5%), other vegetables (27.9%), meal leftovers (13.6%) and bread (8.6%). Thus the overall food waste generation is 61.7 kg inh. year. When also considering alternative discarding routes (sewerage, fed to animals or home-composted), the total food wastage in Opole amounts to 79.9 kg inh. year, out of which 37.1 kg inh. year is avoidable waste and 42.8 kg inh. year non-avoidable waste.
全球超过三分之一的食物被浪费。大多数食物是在消费者阶段被浪费的。与自我报告方法相比，使用废物分类分析被认为可以提供更准确、偏差更小的结果。目前，波兰还没有关于家庭食物浪费数量和成分的详细研究。本文介绍了波兰奥波莱市食物浪费产生研究的结果。在五个季节性垃圾分类活动中，对生活在三个不同城市区域的 1425 名居民的残余垃圾和生物垃圾进行了分析。食物垃圾被分为 16 个可避免和 4 个不可避免的部分。这项研究的结果表明，在奥波莱市，无论是可避免的还是不可避免的食物垃圾，在混合垃圾流中的绝对数量都高于生物垃圾（42.8kg/inh. 在残余垃圾和 19kg/inh. 在生物垃圾中，每年）。因此，目前食物垃圾的总分类水平仅为 31%。混合垃圾中可避免食物垃圾的四个主要类别是：面包（23.9%）、蔬菜（23.3%）、肉（15.1%）和土豆（7.8%）。对于生物垃圾，四个主要类别包括：水果（35.5%）、其他蔬菜（27.9%）、餐余（13.6%）和面包（8.6%）。因此，总的食物垃圾产生量为 61.7kg/inh. 年。当考虑到其他丢弃途径（下水道、喂动物或家庭堆肥）时，奥波莱的总食物浪费量为 79.9kg/inh. 年，其中 37.1kg/inh. 年是可避免的废物，42.8kg/inh. 年是非可避免的废物。
