Wang Jiaqi, Ma Tingting, Wei Mengyuan, Lan Tian, Bao Shihan, Zhao Qinyu, Fang Yulin, Sun Xiangyu
College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Helan Mountain Eastern Foot Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2023 May;22(3):1794-1816. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13130. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Heavy metals are of particular concern in grape and wine processing, especially copper. The sources of copper are diverse, including vineyard soil, copper-containing pesticides on the fruit surface, copper wine-making equipment, and exogenous addition in winemaking. Copper has potential risks to human nerves, metabolism, and others. It can inhibit yeast growth, delay fermentation, and also mediate oxidation reactions, which has a huge impact on the nutritional quality and sensory quality of fresh wine and aged wine. It is therefore crucial to detect, quantify, and remove copper from grapes and wine. However, the copper situations in the wine industries of various countries are complicated and diverse, and the existing forms of copper are quite different, which makes the research challenging. This review summarizes and analyzes the existence and influence of copper in the wine industry by analyzing the sources of, the current situation regarding, and the detection and removal methods for copper in wine. With the study, a better understanding of copper's impact on wine production will be gained, facilitating further control of copper in wine and helping the wine industry grow.
重金属在葡萄和葡萄酒加工过程中备受关注，尤其是铜。铜的来源多种多样，包括葡萄园土壤、果实表面含铜的农药、铜制酿酒设备以及酿酒过程中的外源添加。铜对人体神经、新陈代谢等存在潜在风险。它会抑制酵母生长、延缓发酵，还会介导氧化反应，这对新酒和陈酿葡萄酒的营养品质和感官品质都有巨大影响。因此，检测、量化并去除葡萄和葡萄酒中的铜至关重要。然而，各国葡萄酒行业中铜的情况复杂多样，铜的存在形式差异很大，这使得相关研究颇具挑战性。本文通过分析葡萄酒中铜的来源、现状以及检测和去除方法，对葡萄酒行业中铜的存在及影响进行总结和分析。通过这项研究，将能更好地了解铜对葡萄酒生产的影响，有助于进一步控制葡萄酒中的铜含量，并推动葡萄酒行业发展。
