Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
CA Cancer J Clin. 2023 May-Jun;73(3):233-254. doi: 10.3322/caac.21772. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society provides an update of CRC statistics based on incidence from population-based cancer registries and mortality from the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, approximately 153,020 individuals will be diagnosed with CRC and 52,550 will die from the disease, including 19,550 cases and 3750 deaths in individuals younger than 50 years. The decline in CRC incidence slowed from 3%-4% annually during the 2000s to 1% annually during 2011-2019, driven partly by an increase in individuals younger than 55 years of 1%-2% annually since the mid-1990s. Consequently, the proportion of cases among those younger than 55 years increased from 11% in 1995 to 20% in 2019. Incidence since circa 2010 increased in those younger than 65 years for regional-stage disease by about 2%-3% annually and for distant-stage disease by 0.5%-3% annually, reversing the overall shift to earlier stage diagnosis that occurred during 1995 through 2005. For example, 60% of all new cases were advanced in 2019 versus 52% in the mid-2000s and 57% in 1995, before widespread screening. There is also a shift to left-sided tumors, with the proportion of rectal cancer increasing from 27% in 1995 to 31% in 2019. CRC mortality declined by 2% annually from 2011-2020 overall but increased by 0.5%-3% annually in individuals younger than 50 years and in Native Americans younger than 65 years. In summary, despite continued overall declines, CRC is rapidly shifting to diagnosis at a younger age, at a more advanced stage, and in the left colon/rectum. Progress against CRC could be accelerated by uncovering the etiology of rising incidence in generations born since 1950 and increasing access to high-quality screening and treatment among all populations, especially Native Americans.
结直肠癌(CRC)是美国第二大常见癌症死因。每三年,美国癌症协会都会根据基于人群的癌症登记处的发病率和国家卫生统计中心的死亡率更新 CRC 统计数据。2023 年,约有 153020 人被诊断患有 CRC,52550 人将死于该病,其中包括 19550 例 50 岁以下人群病例和 3750 例死亡。CRC 发病率的下降速度从 2000 年代的每年 3%-4%放缓至 2011-2019 年的每年 1%,部分原因是自 20 世纪 90 年代中期以来,55 岁以下人群的发病率每年增加 1%-2%。因此,55 岁以下人群中的病例比例从 1995 年的 11%增加到 2019 年的 20%。自 2010 年以来,65 岁以下人群的局部阶段疾病的发病率每年增加约 2%-3%,远处阶段疾病的发病率每年增加 0.5%-3%,扭转了 1995 年至 2005 年期间发生的向早期诊断的总体转变。例如,2019 年所有新病例中有 60%为晚期,而 2000 年代中期为 52%,1995 年为 57%,此前尚未广泛筛查。此外,还出现了向左侧肿瘤的转移,直肠癌的比例从 1995 年的 27%增加到 2019 年的 31%。2011-2020 年期间,CRC 死亡率总体上每年下降 2%,但在 50 岁以下人群和 65 岁以下的美国原住民中,每年增加 0.5%-3%。总之,尽管总体上仍在下降,但 CRC 正在迅速向更年轻、更晚期和左结肠/直肠的诊断转移。通过揭示自 1950 年以来出生的几代人的发病率上升的病因,并增加所有人群(特别是美国原住民)获得高质量筛查和治疗的机会,可以加速对 CRC 的防治。
CA Cancer J Clin. 2023
CA Cancer J Clin. 2020-3-5
CA Cancer J Clin. 2017-3-1
CA Cancer J Clin. 2014-3-17
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021-5
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2017-8-1
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017-5
CA Cancer J Clin. 2018-5-30
World J Gastroenterol. 2025-8-21
Mol Ther Oncol. 2025-8-5
J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2025-9