Bruce Matt, Weinraub David
Forensic Psychology Program, The George Washington University, Alexandria, Virginia.
J Pers Assess. 2023 Nov-Dec;105(6):763-769. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2178928. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
The role of implicit gender bias in the assessment of mental disorders remains a contentious and consequential issue. Inaccurate assessment of psychopathy and personality disorders (PD) among health care professionals can have deleterious consequences with respect to treatment access and planning, as well as legal decision making within forensic settings. Using a quantitative cross-sectional experimental design, 180 licensed psychologists from the USA were recruited via email using non-probability convenience sampling. Implicit gender bias was measured by randomly assigning participants to one of two experimental conditions (i.e., male vs. female pronoun case vignette). While adjusted logistic regression models confirmed significant associations between gender pronoun of case vignette and clinical judgment of PDs, this was not supported for psychopathy. Licensed psychologists were significantly more likely to render a judgment of borderline PD in the female, compared to the male, gender pronoun condition. Conversely, they were significantly more likely to render a judgment of antisocial PD in the male, compared to the female, gender pronoun condition. These findings suggest that despite progress in the understanding of gender role behaviors, personality disorders, and clinical training protocols, implicit gender bias persists among licensed psychologists in the USA.
内隐性别偏见在精神障碍评估中的作用仍然是一个有争议且影响重大的问题。医疗保健专业人员对心理变态和人格障碍（PD）的不准确评估，可能会在治疗机会和规划以及法医环境中的法律决策方面产生有害后果。采用定量横断面实验设计，通过电子邮件使用非概率便利抽样从美国招募了180名执业心理学家。通过将参与者随机分配到两种实验条件之一（即男性与女性代词案例 vignette）来测量内隐性别偏见。虽然调整后的逻辑回归模型证实了案例 vignette 的性别代词与 PD 的临床判断之间存在显著关联，但心理变态方面并未得到支持。与男性代词条件相比，执业心理学家在女性代词条件下更有可能做出边缘型 PD 的判断。相反，与女性代词条件相比，他们在男性代词条件下更有可能做出反社会 PD 的判断。这些发现表明，尽管在理解性别角色行为、人格障碍和临床培训方案方面取得了进展，但美国执业心理学家中内隐性别偏见仍然存在。
