Xinjiang Innovation Management Research Center, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.
School of Economics and Management, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Mar 1;18(3):e0282300. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282300. eCollection 2023.
There are significant differences in energy footprints among individual households. This study uses an environmentally extended input-output approach to estimate the per capita household energy footprint (PCHEF) of 10 different income groups in China's 30 provinces and analyzes the heterogeneity of household consumption categories, and finally measures the energy equality of households in each province by measuring the energy footprint Gini coefficient (EF-Gini). It is found that the energy footprint of the top 10% income households accounted for about 22% of the national energy footprint in 2017, while the energy footprint of the bottom 40% income households accounted for only 24%. With the growth of China's economy, energy footprint inequality has declined spatially and temporally. Firstly, wealthier coastal regions have experienced greater convergence in their energy footprint than poorer inland regions. Secondly, China's household EF-Gini has declined from 0.38 in 2012 to 0.36 in 2017. This study shows that China's economic growth has not only raised household income levels, but also reduced energy footprint inequality.
不同家庭的能源足迹存在显著差异。本研究采用环境扩展投入产出法，估算了中国 30 个省份 10 个不同收入群体的人均家庭能源足迹（PCHEF），分析了家庭消费类别的异质性，并通过衡量能源足迹基尼系数（EF-Gini），最终测算了各省份家庭的能源平等程度。结果表明，2017 年，收入最高的 10%家庭的能源足迹占全国能源足迹的 22%左右，而收入最低的 40%家庭的能源足迹仅占 24%。随着中国经济的增长，能源足迹不平等在空间和时间上都有所下降。首先，较富裕的沿海地区的能源足迹趋同程度大于较贫穷的内陆地区。其次，中国的家庭 EF-Gini 从 2012 年的 0.38 下降到 2017 年的 0.36。本研究表明，中国的经济增长不仅提高了家庭收入水平，还降低了能源足迹不平等。
