Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2023 Jul;164(1):116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.11.015. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Mini-implants are now widely used in orthodontic treatment. Soft-tissue inflammation around the mini-implant is an important factor affecting its stability. This study aimed to investigate the periodontal status and the bacterial composition around mini-implants.
A total of 79 mini-implants in 40 patients (aged 18-45 years) were evaluated in this study. The mini-implant probing depth (mPD), mini-implant gingival sulcus bleeding index (mBI), mini-implant plaque index (mPLI), and the composition of the supragingival and subgingival plaque around the mini-implants were recorded. After Congo red staining, the bacteria were classified and counted under a light microscope.
The mPLI and mBI around mini-implants in the infrazygomatic crest were higher than those in the buccal shelf and interradicular area. The mPD was higher on the coronal site of the mini-implant than on the mesial, distal, and apical sites in the infrazygomatic crest. The mPLI around the mini-implant was positively correlated with the mBI, and the mBI was positively correlated with the mPD. The supragingival and subgingival bacterial composition around the mini-implants was similar to that of natural teeth. Compared with supragingival bacterial composition, the subgingival bacteria of mini-implants had a significantly lower proportion of cocci and a higher proportion of bacilli and spirochetes.
The bacteria composition of the plaque and the location are important factors in the inflammation around mini-implants. Similar to natural teeth, mini-implants require health maintenance to prevent inflammation of the surrounding soft tissue and maintain stability.
微型种植体在正畸治疗中得到广泛应用。微型种植体周围的软组织炎症是影响其稳定性的重要因素。本研究旨在探讨微型种植体周围的牙周状况和细菌组成。
本研究共评估了 40 名患者（年龄 18-45 岁）的 79 个微型种植体。记录微型种植体探诊深度（mPD）、微型种植体龈沟出血指数（mBI）、微型种植体菌斑指数（mPLI）以及微型种植体周围龈上和龈下菌斑的组成。刚果红染色后，在光镜下对细菌进行分类和计数。
微型种植体在眶下嵴的颊侧龈沟和根间区的 mPLI 和 mBI 高于颊侧。微型种植体在眶下嵴的冠部 mPD 高于近中、远中和根尖部。微型种植体周围的 mPLI 与 mBI 呈正相关，mBI 与 mPD 呈正相关。微型种植体周围龈上和龈下的细菌组成与天然牙相似。与龈上细菌组成相比，微型种植体龈下细菌中球菌的比例较低，杆菌和螺旋体的比例较高。
菌斑的细菌组成和位置是微型种植体周围炎症的重要因素。与天然牙相似，微型种植体需要进行维护，以防止周围软组织炎症和保持稳定性。
