School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Apr 15;448:130929. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130929. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Soil petroleum pollution is an urgent problem in modern society, which seriously threatens the ecological balance and environmental safety. Aerobic composting technology is considered economically acceptable and technologically feasible for the soil remediation. In this study, the combined experiment of aerobic composting with the addition of biochar materials was conducted for the remediation of heavy oil-contaminated soil, and treatments with 0, 5, 10 and 15 wt% biochar dosages were labeled as CK, C5, C10 and C15, respectively. Conventional parameters (temperature, pH, NH-N and NO-N) and enzyme activities (urease, cellulase, dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase) during the composting process were systematically investigated. Remediation performance and functional microbial community abundance were also characterized. According to experimental consequences, removal efficiencies of CK, C5, C10 and C15 were 48.0%, 68.1%, 72.0% and 73.9%, respectively. The comparison with abiotic treatments corroborated that biostimulation rather than adsorption effect was the main removal mechanism during the biochar-assisted composting process. Noteworthy, the biochar addition regulated the succession process of microbial community and increased the abundance of microorganisms related to petroleum degradation at the genus level. This work demonstrated that aerobic composting with biochar amendment would be a fascinating technology for petroleum-contaminated soil remediation.
土壤石油污染是现代社会面临的一个紧迫问题，严重威胁着生态平衡和环境安全。好氧堆肥技术被认为在经济上可接受，在技术上可行，可用于土壤修复。本研究采用添加生物炭材料的好氧堆肥联合实验，对重油污染土壤进行修复，添加生物炭的用量分别为 0、5、10 和 15wt%，分别标记为 CK、C5、C10 和 C15。系统研究了堆肥过程中的常规参数（温度、pH、NH-N 和 NO-N）和酶活性（脲酶、纤维素酶、脱氢酶和多酚氧化酶）。还对修复性能和功能微生物群落丰度进行了表征。根据实验结果，CK、C5、C10 和 C15 的去除效率分别为 48.0%、68.1%、72.0%和 73.9%。与非生物处理的比较证实，在生物炭辅助堆肥过程中，主要的去除机制是生物刺激而不是吸附作用。值得注意的是，生物炭的添加调节了微生物群落的演替过程，并增加了与石油降解相关的微生物在属水平上的丰度。这项工作表明，添加生物炭的好氧堆肥将是一种有吸引力的石油污染土壤修复技术。
