Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
J Adv Nurs. 2023 May;79(5):1868-1881. doi: 10.1111/jan.15606. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
The objective of this study was to describe and understand irregular migrants' (IMs') experiences of health disparities while living in informal settlements (ISs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Qualitative descriptive study.
Thirty-four IMs originating from different African countries living in ISs took part in this study. Data were collected between January and March 2022 through three focus groups and 17 in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data with ATLAS.ti computer software.
Three main themes emerged: (1) Extreme vulnerability: ISs and abuse; (2) Inequality in health treatment has increased during COVID-19; and (3) The impact of COVID-19 on the health of IMs: help from non-governmental organizations and nurses.
Irregular migrants are at a higher risk of exposure to COVID-19 due to their precarious living conditions, administrative situation and access to the health system. It is recommended that specific programmes be strengthened to improve health care for this population.
What problem did the study address? This study examines IMs' experiences of health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. What were the main findings? IMs are at higher risk of exposure to COVID-19 due to social, health, housing and work inequalities. Community health nurses alongside non-governmental organizations have facilitated the implementation of measures to protect this population against COVID-19. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? With the aim of improving care for IMs, strategies have been suggested for health institutions to address problems relating to accessing the health system, and to promote networking between non-governmental organizations and community health nurses.
本研究旨在描述和理解在 COVID-19 大流行期间生活在非正规住区的非正常移徙者（IMs）的健康差距经历。
定性描述性研究。
34 名来自不同非洲国家的 IMs 参与了这项研究，他们居住在非正规住区。数据于 2022 年 1 月至 3 月期间通过三个焦点小组和 17 次深入访谈收集。使用 ATLAS.ti 计算机软件对定性数据进行主题分析。
出现了三个主要主题：（1）极度脆弱：非正规住区和虐待；（2）COVID-19 期间的医疗不平等加剧；（3）COVID-19 对 IMs 健康的影响：非政府组织和护士的帮助。
由于其不稳定的生活条件、行政状况和获得卫生系统的机会，非正常移徙者面临更高的 COVID-19 暴露风险。建议加强具体方案，以改善这一人群的医疗保健。
该研究解决了什么问题？本研究考察了 IMs 在 COVID-19 大流行期间的健康差距经历。主要发现是什么？由于社会、健康、住房和工作不平等，IMs 面临更高的 COVID-19 暴露风险。社区卫生护士和非政府组织共同促进了实施保护这一人群免受 COVID-19 侵害的措施。研究将在何处和对谁产生影响？为了改善对 IMs 的护理，已向卫生机构提出了一些策略，以解决与获得卫生系统有关的问题，并促进非政府组织和社区卫生护士之间的联网。
