Berthe-Kone Ousmane, Granero Molina José, Fernández-Sola Cayetano, Jiménez-Lasserrotte María Del Mar, Robles-Bello Maria Auxiliadora
Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2025 Jan 3;11:e132. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2024.146. eCollection 2024.
The European Union receives thousands of unaccompanied irregular migrant minors every year, but little is known about their life experiences during the migration process. The aim of this study is to describe their experiences as minors when they arrived in Spain in small boats, which will help to understand their psychosocial and health needs. A descriptive qualitative study was undertaken. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 unaccompanied irregular migrants (15 men and 3 women) from different African countries with a mean age of 20.05 years (SD = 2.77). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Three main themes emerged such as (1) unaccompanied irregular migrant minors: risking it all for a better life; (2) redefining your identity as a means of adaptation and (3) obtaining legal status to avoid deportation. Unaccompanied migrant minors risk their lives on the migration journey, but do not always find better conditions in the destination country. The unaccompanied irregular migrant minors are forced to rebuild their lives at a high cost; they experience rejection from the host society and their culture of origin, which has a negative impact on their physical and psychological health over time.
欧盟每年接收数千名无人陪伴的非法移民未成年人，但对于他们在移民过程中的生活经历却知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述这些未成年人乘坐小船抵达西班牙时的经历，这将有助于了解他们的心理社会和健康需求。开展了一项描述性定性研究。对18名来自不同非洲国家、平均年龄为20.05岁（标准差=2.77）的无人陪伴非法移民（15名男性和3名女性）进行了深入访谈。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析。出现了三个主要主题，即：（1）无人陪伴的非法移民未成年人：为了更好的生活不惜一切冒险；（2）重新定义身份作为一种适应方式；（3）获得合法身份以避免被驱逐。无人陪伴的移民未成年人在移民途中冒着生命危险，但在目的地国并不总能找到更好的条件。无人陪伴的非法移民未成年人被迫以高昂的代价重建生活；他们遭受东道社会和原籍文化的排斥，随着时间的推移，这对他们的身心健康产生负面影响。
