大学生中食物成瘾发展的早期生活影响。
Early life influences on the development of food addiction in college attending young adults.
机构信息
Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, West Virginia University, G25 4100 Agricultural Sciences Building, 1194 Evansdale Dr., P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV, 26505-6108, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Dr., Morgantown, WV, 26505-9190, USA.
出版信息
Eat Weight Disord. 2023 Feb 20;28(1):14. doi: 10.1007/s40519-023-01546-3.
PURPOSE
There is little investigation into the causes of food addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of early life influences on the development of food addiction in college-attending young adults aged 18-29.
METHODS
This study utilized a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. College-attending young adults were invited to complete an online survey measuring Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), food addiction, depression, anxiety, stress, and demographic information. Correlations between food addiction and the other variables were analyzed and significant variables were placed into a nominal logistic regression model to predict the development of food addiction. Participants who met the criteria for food addiction were invited to participate in interviews to examine their childhood eating environment and when their symptoms emerged. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using JMP Pro Version 16.0 and qualitative analysis was conducted using NVIVO Software Version 12.0.
RESULTS
Survey respondents (n = 1645) had an overall 21.9% prevalence of food addiction. Significant correlations were observed between food addiction and ACEs, depression, anxiety, stress, and sex (p < .01 for all). Depression was the only significant predictor of the development of food addiction (OR = 3.33 95% CI 2.19, 5.05). The most common eating environment described by interview participants (n = 36) was an emphasis on diet culture, ideal body image, and restrictive environments. Symptoms frequently emerged after transitioning into college and having the ability to make their own food choices.
CONCLUSION
These results show the impact of early life eating environments and young adulthood mental health on the development of food addiction. These findings contribute to the understanding of underlying causes of food addiction.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level V, Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
目的
对于食物成瘾的原因，研究甚少。本研究旨在确定早年经历对 18-29 岁大学生食物成瘾发展的影响。
方法
本研究采用了顺序解释性混合方法研究设计。邀请大学生参加一项在线调查，该调查测量了不良童年经历（ACEs）、食物成瘾、抑郁、焦虑、压力和人口统计学信息。分析了食物成瘾与其他变量之间的相关性，将显著变量纳入名义逻辑回归模型，以预测食物成瘾的发展。符合食物成瘾标准的参与者被邀请参加访谈，以检查他们的童年饮食习惯和症状出现的时间。访谈记录被转录并进行主题分析。使用 JMP Pro 版本 16.0 进行定量分析，使用 NVIVO 软件版本 12.0 进行定性分析。
结果
调查受访者（n=1645）的食物成瘾总患病率为 21.9%。食物成瘾与 ACEs、抑郁、焦虑、压力和性别之间存在显著相关性（p<0.01）。抑郁是食物成瘾发展的唯一显著预测因素（OR=3.33 95%CI 2.19，5.05）。访谈参与者（n=36）描述的最常见的饮食环境是强调饮食文化、理想体型和限制环境。症状通常在进入大学并能够自主选择食物后出现。
结论
这些结果表明早年的饮食环境和成年早期的心理健康对食物成瘾的发展有影响。这些发现有助于理解食物成瘾的潜在原因。
证据水平
五级，基于描述性研究、综述、临床经验或专家委员会报告的权威意见。
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