Yahyazadeh Roghayeh, Baradaran Rahimi Vafa, Mohajeri Seyed Ahmad, Iranshahy Milad, Yahyazadeh Ahmad, Hasanpour Maede, Iranshahi Mehrdad, Askari Vahid Reza
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2023 Feb 21;2023:4086631. doi: 10.1155/2023/4086631. eCollection 2023.
Peritoneal adhesions (PAs) occur and develop after abdominal surgery. Abdominal adhesions are common and often develop after abdominal surgery. Currently, there are no effective targeted pharmacotherapies for treating adhesive disease. In this regard, ginger is wildly used in traditional medicine because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been investigated for peritoneal adhesion treatment. This study analyzed ginger ethanolic extraction via HPLC to have a 6-gingerol concentration. Four groups induced peritoneal adhesion to evaluate ginger's effects on peritoneal adhesion. Then, ginger extract (50, 150, and 450 mg/kg) was administered by gavage in various groups of male Wistar rats (220 ± 20 g, 6-8 weeks). After scarifying the animals for biological assessment, macroscopic and microscopic parameters were determined via scoring systems and immunoassays in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Next, the adhesion scores and interleukin IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-) , transforming growth factor-(TGF-) 1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated in the control group. The results showed that ginger extract (450 mg/kg) notably decreased inflammatory (IL-6 and TNF-), fibrosis (TGF-1), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), angiogenesis (VEGF), and oxidative (MDA) factors, while increased antioxidant factor glutathione (GSH), compared to the control group. These findings suggest that a hydro-alcoholic extract of ginger is a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for inhibiting adhesion formation. Also, it might be considered a beneficial anti-inflammatory or antifibrosis herbal medicine in clinical trials. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of ginger.
腹膜粘连（PAs）在腹部手术后发生并发展。腹部粘连很常见，通常在腹部手术后出现。目前，尚无有效的靶向药物疗法来治疗粘连性疾病。在这方面，生姜因其抗炎和抗氧化作用而在传统医学中被广泛使用，并已被研究用于腹膜粘连的治疗。本研究通过高效液相色谱法分析生姜乙醇提取物中的6-姜酚浓度。将四组诱导腹膜粘连以评估生姜对腹膜粘连的影响。然后，对不同组的雄性Wistar大鼠（220±20g，6-8周）经口灌胃给予生姜提取物（50、150和450mg/kg）。在处死后对动物进行生物学评估，通过评分系统和免疫测定法测定腹膜灌洗液中的宏观和微观参数。接下来，对照组的粘连评分以及白细胞介素IL-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-（TNF-）、转化生长因子-（TGF-）1、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和丙二醛（MDA）均升高。结果表明，与对照组相比，生姜提取物（450mg/kg）显著降低了炎症（IL-6和TNF-）、纤维化（TGF-1）、抗炎细胞因子（IL-10）、血管生成（VEGF）和氧化（MDA）因子，同时增加了抗氧化因子谷胱甘肽（GSH）。这些发现表明，生姜的水醇提取物是一种潜在的抑制粘连形成的新型治疗策略。此外，在临床试验中它可能被认为是一种有益的抗炎或抗纤维化草药。然而，需要进一步的临床研究来证实生姜的有效性。
