McNamara Lynda, Morgan Catherine, Novak Iona
The Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, PO Box 171, Forestville, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Clin Perinatol. 2023 Mar;50(1):121-155. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2022.11.002.
Early childhood affords rapid brain development and advancement of the motor system. In High-Risk Infant Follow-Up programs, watchful waiting and monitoring of infants at high risk is shifting toward active surveillance and early diagnosis, followed by immediate targeted very early interventions. Infants with delayed motor skills benefit from developmental care, NIDCAP, and generic or specific motor training. Infants with cerebral palsy benefit from enrichment, targeted skills interventions, and task-specific motor training at high intensity. Infants with degenerative conditions benefit from enrichment but also require accommodations such as powered mobility.
幼儿期大脑发育迅速，运动系统不断进步。在高危婴儿随访项目中，对高危婴儿的观察等待和监测正转向主动监测和早期诊断，随后立即进行有针对性的极早期干预。运动技能发育迟缓的婴儿可从发育照护、新生儿个体化发育照护与评估项目（NIDCAP）以及一般或特定的运动训练中获益。脑瘫婴儿可从丰富环境、有针对性的技能干预以及高强度的特定任务运动训练中获益。患有退行性疾病的婴儿可从丰富环境中获益，但也需要诸如动力移动设备等辅助设施。
