Division of Behavioral Biology, USA.
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Dr., Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023 Apr 1;245:109829. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109829. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
The cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) is currently under investigation as a pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder. The aim of the present study was to examine whether acute and chronic treatment with pure CBD would decrease alcohol seeking and consumption behaviors or alter drinking patterns in male baboons with extensive histories of daily alcohol intake (1 g/kg/day).
Seven male baboons self-administered oral alcohol (4% w/v) in a validated chained schedule of reinforcement (CSR) procedure that modeled periods of anticipation, seeking, and consumption. In Experiment 1, CBD (5-40 mg/kg) or vehicle (peanut oil, USP) was administered orally 15- or 90-minutes prior to the start of the session. In Experiment 2, oral doses of CBD (10-40 mg/kg) or vehicle were administered for 5 consecutive days during ongoing alcohol access under the CSR. In addition, behavioral observations were conducted to assess potential drug side effects (e.g., sedation, motor incoordination) following chronic CBD treatment immediately after the session and 24-hours after drug administration.
Across both experiments, baboons self-administered an average of 1 g/kg/day of alcohol under baseline conditions. Administration of acute or chronic CBD (150-1200 mg total CBD dose/day) that encompassed the purported therapeutic dose range did not significantly reduce alcohol seeking, self-administration or intake (g/kg). Drinking patterns (i.e., number of drinks/bouts, bout duration, nor interdrink interval) also were not altered. There were no observable behavioral disruptions following CBD treatment.
In sum, the current data do not support use of pure CBD as an effective pharmacotherapy to reduce ongoing excessive drinking.
大麻素大麻二酚（CBD）目前正在作为一种酒精使用障碍的药物治疗方法进行研究。本研究的目的是检验急性和慢性给予纯 CBD 是否会减少有大量每日饮酒史（1g/kg/天）的雄性狨猴的觅酒和饮酒行为，或改变其饮酒模式。
7 只雄性狨猴在一个经过验证的链式强化程序（CSR）中自行口服酒精（4%w/v），该程序模拟了预期、觅酒和饮酒的阶段。在实验 1 中，CBD（5-40mg/kg）或载体（花生油，USP）在开始之前 15 或 90 分钟口服给药。在实验 2 中，在 CSR 下连续 5 天给予口服 CBD（10-40mg/kg）或载体，同时进行酒精摄入。此外，在给药后立即和给药后 24 小时进行行为观察，以评估慢性 CBD 治疗后潜在的药物副作用（例如镇静、运动不协调）。
在两个实验中，狨猴在基线条件下平均每天自行摄入 1g/kg 的酒精。给予急性或慢性 CBD（150-1200mg 总 CBD 剂量/天），涵盖了所谓的治疗剂量范围，并没有显著减少觅酒、自我给药或摄入（g/kg）。饮酒模式（即饮酒次数/回合、回合持续时间和两次饮酒之间的间隔）也没有改变。在 CBD 治疗后没有观察到明显的行为障碍。
总之，目前的数据不支持使用纯 CBD 作为减少持续过度饮酒的有效药物治疗方法。
