Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2023 Aug;32(8):1673-1680. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.01.034. Epub 2023 Mar 4.
Few studies have retrospectively analyzed the relationship between joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle flexibility and shoulder and elbow throwing injuries in a large number of elementary school baseball players. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively identify the physical factors related to shoulder and elbow throwing injuries in younger baseball players.
A total of 2466 younger baseball players belonging to our Prefecture Rubber Baseball Federation who participated in medical check-ups from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed. Players completed a questionnaire and had a medical check-up that included a physical examination and ultrasonography. ROM (internal rotation [IR] angle and external rotation angle) of the shoulder and hip and the finger-to-floor distance and heel-to-buttock distance were measured. The straight leg raise was also performed. The results of two groups (normal group and injury group) were compared using the χ test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Student t test. Stepwise forward logistic regression models were developed to identify risk factors.
On univariate analysis, nine of the 13 evaluated items showed significant decreases in ROM and muscle flexibility in the injury group. On multiple logistic regression analysis, grade, finger-to-floor distance, IR angle of the dominant side shoulder, and IR angle of the nondominant side hip were significantly associated with the occurrence of throwing injuries. Decreased total shoulder angle was observed not only on the dominant side but also on the nondominant side in the injury group.
Decreased ROM and muscle flexibility were risk factors for baseball-related throwing injuries in elementary school baseball players. To prevent shoulder and elbow throwing injuries, players, coaches, medical staff, and parents need to be aware of these findings.
很少有研究回顾分析大量小学生棒球运动员的关节活动度（ROM）和肌肉柔韧性与肩肘投掷伤之间的关系。本研究旨在回顾性确定与年轻棒球运动员肩肘投掷伤相关的身体因素。
对 2016 年至 2019 年参加体检的本州橡胶棒球联合会的 2466 名年轻棒球运动员进行了分析。运动员完成了一份问卷，并进行了体检，包括体格检查和超声检查。测量了肩部和髋关节的 ROM（内旋[IR]角度和外旋角度）以及手指到地板的距离和脚跟到臀部的距离。还进行了直腿抬高检查。使用 χ 检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验和学生 t 检验比较两组（正常组和损伤组）的结果。采用逐步向前逻辑回归模型确定危险因素。
在单因素分析中，13 项评估项目中有 9 项在损伤组中显示 ROM 和肌肉柔韧性显著降低。在多因素逻辑回归分析中，等级、手指到地板的距离、优势侧肩部的 IR 角度和非优势侧髋关节的 IR 角度与投掷伤的发生显著相关。在损伤组中，不仅在优势侧，而且在非优势侧，总肩关节角度均减小。
ROM 和肌肉柔韧性降低是小学生棒球运动员与棒球相关投掷伤的危险因素。为了预防肩肘投掷伤，运动员、教练、医务人员和家长都需要了解这些发现。
