Aissen-Crewett M
Institut für Kunstpädagogik der J. W. Goethe-Universitât Frankfurt am Main.
Z Gerontol. 1987 Sep-Oct;20(5):314-7.
Hitherto programmes of artistic-creative activities with the elderly have meant to a large extent keeping such individuals busy and to aim at a "naive art" in the style of Grandma Moses, characterized by a conformity with stereotypes and practical utilizability. An aesthetic education of the elderly must, however, be guided by the recovery, extension and intensification of communicative fields and the strengthening and stabilization of identity and self-esteem. Emphasis, therefore, must not be placed on the production of a useful item corresponding to market rules but rather on the production process itself, which provides positive experience with material and techniques, strengthens self-confidence, reduces the demand for very good workmanship and enhances self-reliance and self-responsibility. Artistic-creative activities in this sense have a therapeutic effect; they stimulate the ability to communicate and enhance self-esteem. Experience made so far with art therapy with the elderly is discussed, in particular its effects on the treatment of the depressed elderly.
迄今为止，针对老年人的艺术创作活动项目在很大程度上意味着让这些人有事可做，并旨在创造出以摩西奶奶风格为代表的“质朴艺术”，其特点是符合刻板印象且具有实际实用性。然而，对老年人的审美教育必须以恢复、拓展和强化交流领域以及增强和稳定身份认同与自尊为导向。因此，重点不应放在生产符合市场规则的有用物品上，而应放在生产过程本身，这个过程能让人在材料和技术方面获得积极体验，增强自信心，降低对精湛工艺的要求，并提高自立能力和自我责任感。从这个意义上说，艺术创作活动具有治疗作用；它们能激发沟通能力并增强自尊。文中讨论了目前在老年人艺术治疗方面所取得的经验，尤其是其对老年抑郁症患者治疗的效果。
