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急性褪黑素给药对人体运动表现的影响:系统评价。

Influence of Acute Melatonin Administration on Human Physical Performance: A Systematic Review.

机构信息

Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology - GTAFE, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Sports Health. 2024 Jan-Feb;16(1):70-78. doi: 10.1177/19417381231155142. Epub 2023 Mar 5.

Abstract

CONTEXT

Melatonin is an ancient molecule with a wide range of functions in mammals, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypothermic effects among others. However, the influence of acute melatonin administration on human physical performance is debatable.

OBJECTIVE

To summarize available data from controlled trials about the effects of acute melatonin administration on human physical performance, especially with respect to strength, power, speed, and short- and long-term continuous exercise.

DATA SOURCES

A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to December 10, 2021, was conducted using specified keywords and Boolean operators ("melatonin" AND "exercise OR circuit-based exercise OR plyometric exercise OR exercise tolerance OR exercise test").

STUDY SELECTION

Only controlled studies in the English language and with humans were accepted.

STUDY DESIGN

Systematic review.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level 1.

DATA EXTRACTION

Participants' characteristics (sex, age, body mass, height and fat percentage), melatonin dose and administration time, and outcomes from the performance trial were extracted.

RESULTS

A total of 10 studies were identified after the screening process. Overall, melatonin did not change speed or short-term continuous exercise performances. However, in relation to strength and power, the results are debatable since 5 articles showed no difference, while another 2 pointed to a decrease in performance. In terms of performance improvement, only 1 study reported an increase in balance and another in long-term continuous exercise performance in nonathletes, with no advantage found for athletes.

CONCLUSION

Melatonin did not cause any significant change in strength, speed, power, and short-term continuous exercise performances. In fact, it led to reduced strength and power performances in specific tests. On the other hand, melatonin seems to have improved balance and long-term continuous exercise performance, at least in nonathletes. More investigations are required to corroborate these findings.

摘要

背景

褪黑素是一种古老的分子,在哺乳动物中具有广泛的功能,如抗氧化、抗炎和降温等。然而,急性褪黑素给药对人体运动表现的影响仍存在争议。

目的

总结对照试验中关于急性褪黑素给药对人体运动表现影响的现有数据,特别是关于力量、功率、速度以及短期和长期连续运动的影响。

数据来源

使用指定的关键词和布尔运算符(“褪黑素”和“运动或基于运动的运动或增强式运动或运动耐量或运动试验”),对 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库进行了系统搜索,截至 2021 年 12 月 10 日。

研究选择

仅接受英语语言和人类的对照研究。

研究设计

系统评价。

证据水平

1 级。

数据提取

提取了参与者的特征(性别、年龄、体重、身高和脂肪百分比)、褪黑素剂量和给药时间以及运动表现试验的结果。

结果

经过筛选过程,共确定了 10 项研究。总体而言,褪黑素并未改变速度或短期连续运动表现。然而,关于力量和功率,结果存在争议,因为 5 篇文章显示没有差异,而另外 2 篇则指出运动表现下降。在提高运动表现方面,只有 1 项研究报告非运动员的平衡和长期连续运动表现有所提高,而运动员则没有优势。

结论

褪黑素未导致力量、速度、功率和短期连续运动表现的任何显著变化。事实上,它导致特定测试中的力量和功率表现下降。另一方面,褪黑素似乎改善了平衡和长期连续运动表现,至少在非运动员中如此。需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现。

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