Zhou Liping, Huo Tong, Zhang Wenmin, Han Na, Wen Yongqiang, Zhang Peixun
Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
Front Neurol. 2023 Feb 16;14:1086806. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1086806. eCollection 2023.
Generally, axons located at the central end of the nerve system will sprout after injury. Once these sprouts cannot reach the distal end of the severed nerve, they will form a traumatic neuroma. Traumatic neuromas bring a series of complex symptoms to patients, such as neuropathic pain, skin abnormalities, skeletal abnormalities, hearing loss, and visceral damage. To date, the most promising and practical clinical treatments are drug induction and surgery, but both have their limitations. Therefore, it will be the mainstream trend to explore new methods to prevent and treat traumatic neuroma by regulating and remodeling the microenvironment of nerve injury. This work first summarized the pathogenesis of traumatic neuroma. Additionally, the standard methods of prevention and treatment on traumatic neuroma were analyzed. We focused on three essential parts of advanced functional biomaterial therapy, stem cell therapy, and human-computer interface therapy to provide the availability and value of preventing and treating a traumatic neuroma. Finally, the revolutionary development of the prevention and treatment on traumatic neuroma has been prospected. How to transform the existing advanced functional materials, stem cells, and artificial intelligence robots into clinical practical technical means as soon as possible for high-quality nerve repair and prevention of neuroma was further discussed.
一般来说，位于神经系统中央端的轴突在损伤后会发生芽生。一旦这些芽不能到达离断神经的远端，就会形成创伤性神经瘤。创伤性神经瘤给患者带来一系列复杂症状，如神经性疼痛、皮肤异常、骨骼异常、听力丧失和内脏损伤。迄今为止，最有前景且实用的临床治疗方法是药物诱导和手术，但两者都有其局限性。因此，通过调节和重塑神经损伤微环境来探索预防和治疗创伤性神经瘤的新方法将成为主流趋势。这项工作首先总结了创伤性神经瘤的发病机制。此外，分析了创伤性神经瘤的标准防治方法。我们重点关注了先进功能生物材料治疗、干细胞治疗和人机界面治疗这三个关键部分，以提供预防和治疗创伤性神经瘤的可行性和价值。最后，对创伤性神经瘤防治的革命性发展进行了展望。进一步讨论了如何尽快将现有的先进功能材料、干细胞和人工智能机器人转化为临床实用技术手段，以实现高质量的神经修复和预防神经瘤。
