Khoshru Bahman, Mitra Debasis, Joshi Kuldeep, Adhikari Priyanka, Rion Md Shafiul Islam, Fadiji Ayomide Emmanuel, Alizadeh Mehrdad, Priyadarshini Ankita, Senapati Ansuman, Sarikhani Mohammad Reza, Panneerselvam Periyasamy, Mohapatra Pradeep Kumar Das, Sushkova Svetlana, Minkina Tatiana, Keswani Chetan
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733 134, West Bengal, India.
Heliyon. 2023 Feb 18;9(3):e13825. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13825. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Plant diseases are still the main problem for the reduction in crop yield and a threat to global food security. Additionally, excessive usage of chemical inputs such as pesticides and fungicides to control plant diseases have created another serious problem for human and environmental health. In view of this, the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for controlling plant disease incidences has been identified as an eco-friendly approach for coping with the food security issue. In this review, we have identified different ways by which PGPRs are capable of reducing phytopathogenic infestations and enhancing crop yield. PGPR suppresses plant diseases, both directly and indirectly, mediated by microbial metabolites and signaling components. Microbial synthesized anti-pathogenic metabolites such as siderophores, antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrogen cyanide, and several others act directly on phytopathogens. The indirect mechanisms of reducing plant disease infestation are caused by the stimulation of plant immune responses known as initiation of systemic resistance (ISR) which is mediated by triggering plant immune responses elicited through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The ISR triggered in the infected region of the plant leads to the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) throughout the plant making the plant resistant to a wide range of pathogens. A number of PGPRs including and genera have proven their ability to stimulate ISR. However, there are still some challenges in the large-scale application and acceptance of PGPR for pest and disease management. Further, we discuss the newly formulated PGPR inoculants possessing both plant growth-promoting activities and plant disease suppression ability for a holistic approach to sustaining plant health and enhancing crop productivity.
植物病害仍然是导致作物减产的主要问题，并且对全球粮食安全构成威胁。此外，过度使用农药和杀菌剂等化学投入品来控制植物病害，给人类健康和环境带来了另一个严重问题。有鉴于此，应用促植物生长根际细菌（PGPR）来控制植物病害发生率，已被视为应对粮食安全问题的一种生态友好型方法。在本综述中，我们确定了PGPR能够减少植物病原体侵染并提高作物产量的不同方式。PGPR通过微生物代谢产物和信号成分直接或间接地抑制植物病害。微生物合成的抗病原代谢产物，如铁载体、抗生素、裂解酶、氰化氢等，直接作用于植物病原体。减少植物病害侵染的间接机制是由植物免疫反应的刺激引起的，即系统抗性的启动（ISR），它是由病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs）引发的植物免疫反应介导的。在植物受感染区域触发的ISR会导致整株植物产生系统获得性抗性（SAR），使植物对多种病原体具有抗性。包括 属和 属在内的许多PGPR已证明它们具有刺激ISR的能力。然而，PGPR在大规模应用于病虫害管理以及被接受方面仍然存在一些挑战。此外，我们还讨论了新配制的PGPR接种剂，它们兼具促进植物生长的活性和抑制植物病害的能力，为维持植物健康和提高作物生产力提供了一种整体方法。
