Renjith Ambili, Rajan Nisha Sushama, Shaila Shabnas Nazar
Department of Periodontics, PMS College of Dental Sciences and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2023 Jan-Feb;27(1):45-50. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_390_21. Epub 2023 Jan 3.
Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of IL-1 beta family of cytokines having a pivotal role in bone destruction. However, its role in periodontal disease is not clearly established. The objective of the present study was to evaluate salivary and gingival IL-33 expression in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals. The change in salivary IL-33 after nonsurgical therapy was also analyzed.
Salivary IL-33 concentration was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals (30 in each group). Re-evaluation was done in periodontitis patients after 6 weeks of nonsurgical therapy. Further, the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of IL-33 in healthy and diseased gingival tissues was also examined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and correlated with IL-1 beta messenger ribonucleic acid.
Salivary IL-33 concentration in periodontitis patients was 1.65 fold higher than healthy controls ( < 0.0001), and 16% reduction was noticed after nonsurgical treatment. Salivary IL-33 concentration could be used to differentiate periodontitis from health at a cutoff value of 543.16 ng/mL with 93.33% sensitivity and 90% specificity (area under the curve 0.92). Upregulated gingival expression of IL-33 was also noted in periodontitis patients, and it was positively correlated with IL-1 beta ( = 0.7).
The study reconfirms the role of IL-33 in periodontal disease, proposed a threshold value of differentiating healthy and periodontitis patients, and suggests IL-33 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for periodontal disease and to evaluate the response to periodontal therapy.
白细胞介素（IL）-33是白细胞介素-1β细胞因子家族的成员，在骨破坏中起关键作用。然而，其在牙周病中的作用尚未明确。本研究的目的是评估牙周健康和患病个体唾液和牙龈中IL-33的表达。还分析了非手术治疗后唾液中IL-33的变化。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定法估计牙周健康和患病个体（每组30例）唾液中IL-33的浓度。对牙周炎患者进行非手术治疗6周后进行重新评估。此外，还使用逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测了健康和患病牙龈组织中IL-33的信使核糖核酸表达，并与白细胞介素-1β信使核糖核酸进行了相关性分析。
牙周炎患者唾液中IL-33浓度比健康对照组高1.65倍（<0.0001），非手术治疗后降低了16%。唾液中IL-33浓度可用于区分牙周炎和健康状态，临界值为543.16 ng/mL，敏感性为93.33%，特异性为90%（曲线下面积为0.92）。牙周炎患者牙龈中IL-33的表达也上调，且与白细胞介素-1β呈正相关（=0.7）。
该研究再次证实了IL-33在牙周病中的作用，提出了区分健康和牙周炎患者的阈值，并表明IL-33作为牙周病的潜在诊断生物标志物以及评估牙周治疗反应的指标。
