Wolde Asrat
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.
Subst Abuse. 2023 Mar 1;17:11782218231158031. doi: 10.1177/11782218231158031. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of alcohol use disorder among the elderly living in 3 towns in South West Ethiopia.
Cross-sectional community-based study was done among 382 elderly people aged 60 or more from February to March 2022 in South West Ethiopia. The participants were selected by a systematic random sampling method. Alcohol use disorder, quality of sleep, cognitive impairment, and depression were assessed by using AUDIT, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Standardized Mini Mental State Examination, and geriatric depression scale, respectively. Also, suicidal behavior, elder abuse, and other clinical and environmental factors were assessed. The data was entered into Epi Data Manager Version 4.0.2 before being exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. A logistic regression model was used, and variables with a -value less than .05 in the final fitting model were stated as independent predictors of alcohol use disorder (AUD).
The magnitude of alcohol use disorder, current alcohol use, and life-time alcohol use among the elderly was 27.5%, 52.4%, and 89.3%, respectively. Also, 7%, 23%, 8.9%, and none of the elderly had nicotine, khat, inhalants, and cannabis use disorder, respectively. Furthermore, AUD was associated with cognitive impairment (AOR, 95% CI; 2.79 (1.47-5.30)), poor sleep quality (AOR, 95% CI; 3.27 (1.23-8.69)), chronic medical illness (AOR, 95% CI; 2.12 (1.20-3.74)), and suicidal ideation (AOR, 95% CI; 5.27 (2.21-12.60)).
Problematic alcohol use was higher among the elderly, and cognitive impairment, poor sleep quality, having chronic medical illness, and suicidal ideation were risk factors for AUD. Therefore, community level screening for AUD and comorbid risk factors among this particular age group and managing them is crucial to prevent further complications due to AUD.
本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西南部3个城镇老年人酒精使用障碍的严重程度及相关因素。
2022年2月至3月，在埃塞俄比亚西南部对382名60岁及以上的老年人进行了基于社区的横断面研究。参与者采用系统随机抽样方法选取。分别使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、标准化简易精神状态检查表和老年抑郁量表评估酒精使用障碍、睡眠质量、认知障碍和抑郁情况。此外，还评估了自杀行为、虐待老年人情况以及其他临床和环境因素。数据在录入Epi Data Manager 4.0.2版本后，导出至SPSS 25版本进行分析。采用逻辑回归模型，最终拟合模型中P值小于0.05的变量被确定为酒精使用障碍（AUD）的独立预测因素。
老年人中酒精使用障碍、当前饮酒和终生饮酒的比例分别为27.5%、52.4%和89.3%。此外，老年人中尼古丁、巧茶、吸入剂和大麻使用障碍的比例分别为7%、23%、8.9%和0%。此外，酒精使用障碍与认知障碍（优势比[AOR]，95%置信区间[CI]；2.79[1.47 - 5.30]）、睡眠质量差（AOR，95% CI；3.27[1.23 - 8.69]）、慢性疾病（AOR，95% CI；2.12[1.20 - 3.74]）和自杀意念（AOR，95% CI；5.27[2.21 - 12.60]）相关。
老年人中有问题的饮酒情况较为普遍，认知障碍、睡眠质量差、患有慢性疾病和自杀意念是酒精使用障碍的危险因素。因此，在这一特定年龄组中对酒精使用障碍及其合并的危险因素进行社区层面的筛查并加以管理，对于预防酒精使用障碍导致的进一步并发症至关重要。
