Okada K, Nakajima N, Kawashima T, Miyakita H, Nishizawa K, Shiramizu M, Nagata Y, Katsuoka Y, Kinoshita H, Kawamura N
Department of Urology, Tokai University, School of Medicine.
Hinyokika Kiyo. 1987 Jul;33(7):1080-91.
The statistics and drug sensitivity tests of bacterial florae isolated from the urinary tract in 1983 and 1984 were reviewed. Of the 2,222 strains isolated from outpatients, 593 (26.7%) were gram positive cocci, 21.4% were E. coli, 11.3% were Enterococcus, 10.4% were Proteus sp., 10.0% were P. aeruginosa, 5.6% were Alcaligenes sp., 4.2% were S. epidermidis and the rest were others. Of the 507 strains isolated from hospitalized patients, 107 (33.5%) were gram positive cocci, 20.3% were Enterococcus, 16.2% were P. aeruginosa, 9.1% were E. coli, 7.7% were Enterobacter sp. 7.5% were S. epidermidis, 4.9% were Proteus sp., S. marcescence and the rest were others. The percentage of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and S. epidermidis detected in the isolates from the outpatients and that of K. pneumoniae, Proteus sp. and S. epidermidis detected from the inpatients were lower than in previous reports. The percentage of P. aeruginosa and Enterococcus detected in the isolates from both groups of patients were higher than in previous reports. The major isolates (9 species) from the outpatients were more susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested than those from the inpatients. The susceptibility of gentamicin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid to the major isolates was lower than in previous reports. During the past 2 years, we have been routinely using on inpatients the so-called new generation cefem antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections. This might be why the number of isolates of Enterococcus has increased especially in the isolates from inpatients.
回顾了1983年和1984年从泌尿道分离出的细菌菌群的统计数据和药敏试验。在从门诊患者中分离出的2222株菌株中，593株（26.7%）为革兰氏阳性球菌，21.4%为大肠杆菌，11.3%为肠球菌，10.4%为变形杆菌属，10.0%为铜绿假单胞菌，5.6%为产碱杆菌属，4.2%为表皮葡萄球菌，其余为其他细菌。在从住院患者中分离出的507株菌株中，107株（33.5%）为革兰氏阳性球菌，20.3%为肠球菌，16.2%为铜绿假单胞菌，9.1%为大肠杆菌，7.7%为肠杆菌属，7.5%为表皮葡萄球菌，4.9%为变形杆菌属、粘质沙雷氏菌，其余为其他细菌。门诊患者分离株中检测到的大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和表皮葡萄球菌的百分比以及住院患者中检测到的肺炎克雷伯菌、变形杆菌属和表皮葡萄球菌的百分比均低于以往报告。两组患者分离株中检测到的铜绿假单胞菌和肠球菌的百分比均高于以往报告。门诊患者的主要分离株（9种）比住院患者的主要分离株对所测试的抗菌药物更敏感。庆大霉素、四环素和萘啶酸对主要分离株的敏感性低于以往报告。在过去两年中，我们一直在住院患者中常规使用所谓的新一代头孢菌素抗生素来治疗尿路感染。这可能就是肠球菌分离株数量增加的原因，尤其是在住院患者的分离株中。
