Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2022 Oct 31;64(5):709-715. doi: 10.3897/folmed.64.e72257.
The incidence of infections affecting the central nervous system has increased in recent years, making neuroinfections a current global health problem. The central nervous system is quite well protected from the external and internal environments, although it is susceptible to infection by a wide variety of pathogens. The etiological diversity further complicates the management of such infections because it is important to identify correctly the specific cause in order to choose the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Diagnosis is made not only based on clinical and epidemiological data but also on the results of clinical laboratory and microbiological examination of cerebrospinal fluid. This article aims to review current microbiological methods in the diagnosis of acute central nervous system infections and help healthcare providers to recognize their advantages and limitations in order to manage their patients appropriately.
近年来，影响中枢神经系统的感染发病率有所增加，使神经感染成为当前的全球健康问题。中枢神经系统虽然容易受到各种病原体的感染，但对外界和内部环境有很好的保护。病因的多样性进一步增加了此类感染的管理难度，因为正确识别特定病因对于选择最合适的抗菌治疗至关重要。诊断不仅基于临床和流行病学数据，还基于脑脊液的临床实验室和微生物学检查结果。本文旨在综述当前用于诊断急性中枢神经系统感染的微生物学方法，帮助医疗保健提供者认识到它们的优势和局限性，从而能够对患者进行适当的管理。
