Tekir O, Cevik C, Ozsezer G
Departments of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, İzmir Demokrasi University, İzmir, Turkey.
Departments of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2023 Feb;26(2):138-144. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_690_20.
Diabetic foot significantly affects the quality of life of patients with diabetes. It leads to loss of labor force, psychosocial trauma, and high treatment costs due to serious morbidity and mortality. Nurses have an important responsibility to improve the metabolic status of individuals with diabetes, to protect them from foot complications, and to teach patients foot care skills.
This study investigated the effects of education on type 2 diabetes patients regarding diabetic foot care and self-efficacy.
This quasi-experimental study was conducted from February to July 2016 in hospitals located in the city of Balıkesir in Turkey with type 2 diabetes patients who were admitted to the internal medicine clinic and monitored by the endocrinology and internal medicine outpatient clinics. G*power 3.1.9.2 software was used to calculate the sample size of 94 people with a 5% type 1 error, and 90% power. The study was carried out with stratified randomization, and a questionnaire was administered to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received training, and both groups' scores on the Diabetic Foot Behavior Questionnaire [Appendix 1] and the Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale [Appendix 2] were compared after three months. The t-test, the paired t-test, and the Chi-square test were used.
While the self-efficacy and the foot care behavior scores of the control group did not show any differences (P > 0.05), the experimental group's scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The control group's self-efficacy and foot care behavior scores on the pre-test and final test were similar, while the experimental group's scores increased (P < 0.05).
Starting from the diagnosis of diabetes, it is advisable to carry out foot assessments and to follow up with diabetics who received foot care education to increase their self-efficacy, to make foot care a habit, and to re-evaluate missing or incorrect practices during check-ups.
糖尿病足严重影响糖尿病患者的生活质量。由于其严重的发病率和死亡率，导致劳动力丧失、心理社会创伤以及高昂的治疗费用。护士在改善糖尿病患者的代谢状况、预防足部并发症以及教授患者足部护理技能方面肩负着重要责任。
本研究调查了教育对2型糖尿病患者糖尿病足护理及自我效能的影响。
本准实验研究于2016年2月至7月在土耳其巴勒克埃西尔市的医院进行，研究对象为入住内科诊所并在内分泌科和内科门诊接受监测的2型糖尿病患者。使用G*power 3.1.9.2软件计算样本量为94人，设定I类错误为5%，检验效能为90%。研究采用分层随机化方法，对实验组和对照组进行问卷调查。实验组接受培训，三个月后比较两组在《糖尿病足行为问卷》（附录1）和《糖尿病足护理自我效能量表》（附录2）上的得分。采用t检验、配对t检验和卡方检验。
对照组的自我效能和足部护理行为得分无差异（P>0.05），而实验组得分显著更高（P<0.05）。对照组在预测试和最终测试中的自我效能和足部护理行为得分相似，而实验组得分有所提高（P< 0.05）。
从糖尿病诊断开始，建议进行足部评估，并对接受足部护理教育的糖尿病患者进行随访，以提高他们的自我效能，使足部护理成为一种习惯，并在检查期间重新评估遗漏或不正确的做法。
