Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Vigo, Spain.
Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.
Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Jul;79(7):2625-2638. doi: 10.1002/ps.7444. Epub 2023 Mar 24.
Selecting wheat varieties with allelopathic potential or high competitiveness against weeds is a sustainable solution for organic farming to eliminate the use of synthetic herbicides. Wheat is one of the most economically important crops. This study focuses on screening the allelopathic or competitive potential of four wheat cultivars, Maurizio, NS 40S, Adesso and Element, on two weeds of interest due to acquired herbicide resistance, Portulaca oleracea and Lolium rigidum, through germination and growth bioassays and the identification and quantification of benzoxazinoids (BXZs) and polyphenols (phenolic acids and flavonoids).
The different cultivars showed different abilities to manage surrounding weeds and different capacity to exude or accumulate specialized metabolites in the presence of those weeds. Furthermore, each cultivar behaved differently depending on the weed present in the medium. The most efficient cultivar to control the tested monocot and dicot weeds was Maurizio, as it effectively controlled germination and growth of L. rigidum and P. oleracea while exuding large amounts of benzoxazinones through the roots, especially the hydroxamic acids 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxaxin-3(4H)-one. By contrast, NS 40S, Adesso and Element showed the potential to control the growth of just one of the two weeds through allelopathy or competition.
This study reveals that Maurizio is the most promising wheat cultivar for sustainable weed control, and that the screening of crop varieties with allelopathic potential, which results in the displacement of synthetic herbicides, is an immediate solution in ecological and sustainable agriculture. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
选择具有化感潜力或对杂草具有高竞争力的小麦品种是有机农业消除合成除草剂使用的可持续解决方案。小麦是最重要的经济作物之一。本研究通过发芽和生长生物测定以及苯并恶嗪类（BXZs）和多酚（酚酸和类黄酮）的鉴定和定量，重点筛选了 Maurizio、NS 40S、Adesso 和 Element 等四个小麦品种对两种因获得性除草剂抗性而引起关注的杂草（马齿苋和硬草）的化感或竞争潜力。
不同品种在管理周围杂草方面表现出不同的能力，在存在这些杂草的情况下，它们分泌或积累特殊代谢物的能力也不同。此外，每种品种的行为也因存在于培养基中的杂草而不同。控制测试的单子叶和双子叶杂草最有效的品种是 Maurizio，因为它有效地控制了 L. rigidum 和 P. oleracea 的发芽和生长，同时通过根部大量分泌苯并恶嗪酮，尤其是羟基酸 2,4-二羟基-7-甲氧基-1,4-苯并恶嗪-3-酮和二羟基-2H-1,4-苯并恶嗪-3(4H)-酮。相比之下，NS 40S、Adesso 和 Element 则通过化感作用或竞争显示出仅控制两种杂草中一种生长的潜力。
本研究表明，Maurizio 是最有前途的可持续杂草控制小麦品种，筛选具有化感潜力的作物品种，从而取代合成除草剂，是生态和可持续农业的直接解决方案。© 2023 作者。害虫管理科学由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
