Spencer H C, Kaseje D C, Sempebwa E K, Huong A Y, Roberts J M, Mosley W H
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Clinical Research Centre, Nairobi.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1987 Apr;81 Suppl 1:24-35. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1987.11812186.
A census was done in Saradidi, Kenya from 1980 to 1982 as part of a community-based health development programme. The population was 42,755 (excluding 39 persons of unknown age or sex); 17.1% were less than five years old, 46.9% were below age 15, 4.7% were age 65 years or older and 19.7% were women in the reproductive years (age 15 to 44 years). The sex ratio was 86 males per 100 females due principally to migration of adult males for work. The mean number of persons per household was 4.0 and the mean village population was 764. The singulate mean age of marriage for men was 27.0 years and for women 19.9 years; 0.8% of adult men had never married. Only 0.1% of women by age 50 had never been married. Men were significantly more likely than women to be married to more than one spouse, divorce and separation was higher among men, and by age 50 about one-third of women were widows. Men had more years of formal education than women and young people of both sexes more than older people; 73.1% of men and 96.1% of women 60 years and more had never attended school. Infant mortality rates estimated indirectly ranged between 139 and 155 by area. A strong association was found between increasing education of the mother and decreased reported mortality of children. The total fertility of 6.2 was high but lower than the national average possibly because of the high rates of polygamy and primary infertility and the long periods of amenorrhoea and breast feeding which occurred after delivery. This area continues to have one of the highest levels of infant and child mortality in Kenya as well as relatively high fertility and a population with a very young age structure. This implies a continued very rapid rate of population growth which will make more difficult in the future the problems of delivering effective health services and overcoming poverty. A vigorous programme directed toward improving health is indicated which must include family planning.
作为一项基于社区的健康发展计划的一部分，1980年至1982年期间在肯尼亚的萨拉迪迪进行了一次人口普查。人口为42755人（不包括39名年龄或性别不明者）；17.1%的人年龄小于5岁，46.9%的人年龄在15岁以下，4.7%的人年龄在65岁及以上，19.7%的人处于生育年龄（15至44岁）。性别比为每100名女性对应86名男性，主要原因是成年男性外出务工。每户平均人数为4.0人，平均村庄人口为764人。男性的平均初婚年龄为27.0岁，女性为19.9岁；0.8%的成年男性从未结婚。到50岁时，只有0.1%的女性从未结婚。男性比女性更有可能娶多个配偶，男性的离婚和分居率更高，到50岁时，约三分之一的女性为寡妇。男性接受正规教育的年限比女性长，两性中的年轻人比老年人接受正规教育的年限长；60岁及以上的男性中有73.1%、女性中有96.1%从未上过学。按地区间接估计的婴儿死亡率在139至155之间。研究发现，母亲受教育程度提高与报告的儿童死亡率降低之间存在密切关联。6.2的总生育率较高，但低于全国平均水平，这可能是由于一夫多妻制和原发性不孕的比例较高，以及分娩后闭经和母乳喂养的时间较长。该地区仍然是肯尼亚婴儿和儿童死亡率最高的地区之一，生育率也相对较高，人口年龄结构非常年轻。这意味着人口将继续以非常快的速度增长，这将使未来提供有效的医疗服务和消除贫困的问题更加困难。因此，需要开展一项积极的改善健康计划，其中必须包括计划生育。
