Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Véneto, Italy.
PeerJ. 2023 Mar 3;11:e14937. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14937. eCollection 2023.
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a common occupational health problem, but its clinical definition, prevalence and risk factors are not well defined. In general, non-validated diagnostic instruments have been used to assess its prevalence. For this reason, the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors for CVS using a validated questionnaire.
A cross-sectional study ( = 238) was carried out in Italian office workers using digital devices. All participants responded to an anamnesis, a digital exposure questionnaire, and the validated Italian version of the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. A battery of 3 ocular surface and tear ophthalmic tests (break-up time, BUT), Schirmer II and corneal staining) was performed.
The mean age (±SD) was 45.55 (11.02) years, 64.3% were female. 71.4% wore glasses to work, whose design was monofocal (for distance) in 47.6%, monofocal (for near) in 26.5%, general progressive in 16.5% and occupational progressive in 8.8% of cases. 35.7% used digital devices >6 hours/day in the workplace. The prevalence of CVS was 67.2%. In the multivariate model, female sex (aOR: 3.17; 95% CI [1.75-5.73]), the use of digital devices >6 hours/day at workplace (aOR: 2.07; 95% CI [1.09-3.95]) and the use of optical correction at work (aOR: 2.69; 95% CI [1.43-5.08]) significantly increased the odds of CVS. Association was observed between presenting CVS and having abnormal BUT (2 = 0.017).
The prevalence of CVS in Italian office workers, especially among females, was high. Intensive use of digital devices at work (>6 hours/day) and the use of optical correction at work significantly increased the odds of CVS. There is an association between poor tear stability and CVS. Further research is needed on the influence of wearing optical correction on CVS. The use of a validated questionnaire in health surveillance of digital workers is strongly recommended.
计算机视觉综合征（CVS）是一种常见的职业健康问题，但它的临床定义、患病率和危险因素尚未得到很好的定义。一般来说，非验证性的诊断工具被用于评估其患病率。基于此，本研究旨在使用经过验证的问卷来评估 CVS 的患病率和潜在危险因素。
在意大利办公室工作人员中进行了一项横断面研究（n=238），他们使用数字设备。所有参与者都回答了一份病史、一份数字暴露问卷以及经过验证的意大利版计算机视觉综合征问卷。进行了一系列 3 项眼表面和泪液眼科测试（泪膜破裂时间，BUT）、Schirmer II 和角膜染色）。
平均年龄（±SD）为 45.55（11.02）岁，64.3%为女性。71.4%的人在工作时戴眼镜，设计为单焦点（远用）的占 47.6%，单焦点（近用）的占 26.5%，普通渐进的占 16.5%，职业渐进的占 8.8%。35.7%的人在工作场所每天使用数字设备>6 小时。CVS 的患病率为 67.2%。在多变量模型中，女性（比值比：3.17；95%置信区间 [1.75-5.73]）、在工作场所每天使用数字设备>6 小时（比值比：2.07；95%置信区间 [1.09-3.95]）和在工作中使用光学矫正（比值比：2.69；95%置信区间 [1.43-5.08]）显著增加了 CVS 的可能性。出现 CVS 与 BUT 异常（χ²=0.017）之间存在关联。
意大利办公室工作人员中 CVS 的患病率较高，尤其是女性。工作中大量使用数字设备（>6 小时/天）和工作中使用光学矫正显著增加了 CVS 的可能性。泪膜稳定性差与 CVS 之间存在关联。需要进一步研究戴光学矫正对 CVS 的影响。强烈建议在数字工作者的健康监测中使用经过验证的问卷。
