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紧密贴合:几何效应对三电极电化学适体传感器在受限、 位置中的性能的影响。

A tight squeeze: geometric effects on the performance of three-electrode electrochemical-aptamer based sensors in constrained, placements.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Center for Bioengineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

出版信息

Analyst. 2023 Mar 27;148(7):1562-1569. doi: 10.1039/d2an02096c.

Abstract

Electrochemical, aptamer-based (EAB) sensors are the first molecular monitoring technology that is (1) based on receptor binding and not the reactivity of the target, rendering it fairly general, and (2) able to support high-frequency, real-time measurements in the living body. To date, EAB-derived measurements have largely been performed using three electrodes (working, reference, counter) bundled together within a catheter for insertion into the rat jugular. Exploring this architecture, here we show that the placement of these electrodes inside or outside of the lumen of the catheter significantly impacts sensor performance. Specifically, we find that retaining the counter electrode within the catheter increases the resistance between it and the working electrode, increasing the capacitive background. In contrast, extending the counter electrode outside the lumen of the catheter reduces this effect, significantly enhancing the signal-to-noise of intravenous molecular measurements. Exploring counter electrode geometries further, we find that they need not be larger than the working electrode. Putting these observations together, we have developed a new intravenous EAB architecture that achieves improved performance while remaining short enough to safely emplace in the rat jugular. These findings, though explored here with EAB sensors may prove important for the design of many electrochemical biosensors.

摘要

电化学、适体基(EAB)传感器是第一种基于受体结合而非目标反应的分子监测技术,因此具有相当的通用性,并且(2)能够支持在活体中进行高频实时测量。迄今为止,EAB 衍生的测量主要是使用三个电极(工作、参考、对电极)捆绑在导管内插入大鼠颈静脉来进行的。在探索这种架构的过程中,我们发现将这些电极放置在导管的管腔内部还是外部会显著影响传感器的性能。具体来说,我们发现将对电极保留在导管内会增加它与工作电极之间的电阻,从而增加电容背景。相比之下,将对电极延伸到导管的管腔外部会降低这种影响,从而显著提高静脉内分子测量的信噪比。进一步探索对电极的几何形状,我们发现它们不需要比工作电极大。将这些观察结果综合起来,我们开发了一种新的静脉内 EAB 架构,在保持足够短以安全地插入大鼠颈静脉的同时,实现了性能的提高。这些发现虽然是在这里使用 EAB 传感器进行探索的,但可能对许多电化学生物传感器的设计具有重要意义。

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