Emmerson P G
Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Scotland.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1987 Nov;58(11):1087-92.
The effects of human visual chromatic adaptation underwater are usually reported in subjective terms. The present study aimed to generate data that could be discussed within the internationally recognized CIE color metric. Adaptation was assessed in two underwater environments (blue and green backgrounds). Divers were required to color match stimuli using either a Burnham-type colorimeter or the Munsell Limit Color Cascade. Comparisons of the chromaticity coordinates of matches made in air and underwater with those defined by color and luminance meters revealed an increased sensitivity to wavelengths approximately complementary to those of the background. Laboratory simulations of the underwater environments broadly replicated the field results. The data allow comparisons with complex mathematical models of chromatic adaptation that have been derived from orthodox experiments. The data might be helpful in quantifying the limits of human visual performance underwater.
人类视觉色彩适应在水下的影响通常是以主观方式报告的。本研究旨在生成能够在国际认可的CIE颜色度量体系内进行讨论的数据。在两种水下环境（蓝色和绿色背景）中评估适应情况。要求潜水员使用伯纳姆型色度计或孟塞尔极限颜色级联来进行颜色匹配刺激。将在空气中和水下进行的匹配的色度坐标与由颜色和亮度计定义的坐标进行比较，结果显示对与背景波长大致互补的波长的敏感度有所增加。对水下环境的实验室模拟大致重现了实地结果。这些数据可以与从正统实验得出的复杂色彩适应数学模型进行比较。这些数据可能有助于量化人类在水下视觉表现的极限。
