Department of Biochemistry. University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Suite 1600, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/s1hwang_21.
Department of Biochemistry. University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Suite 1600, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
J Mol Biol. 2023 Apr 1;435(7):168041. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168041. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas (CRISPR-associated proteins) systems provide bacteria and archaea with an adaptive immune response against invasion by mobile genetic elements like phages, plasmids, and transposons. These systems have been repurposed as very powerful biotechnological tools for gene editing applications in both bacterial and eukaryotic systems. The discovery of natural off-switches for CRISPR-Cas systems, known as anti-CRISPR proteins, provided a mechanism for controlling CRISPR-Cas activity and opened avenues for the development of more precise editing tools. In this review, we focus on the inhibitory mechanisms of anti-CRISPRs that are active against type II CRISPR-Cas systems and briefly discuss their biotechnological applications.
成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR)-Cas (CRISPR 相关蛋白) 系统为细菌和古菌提供了一种适应性免疫反应，以抵御噬菌体、质粒和转座子等移动遗传元件的入侵。这些系统已被重新用作细菌和真核系统中基因编辑应用的非常强大的生物技术工具。天然的 CRISPR-Cas 系统关闭开关的发现，即抗 CRISPR 蛋白，为控制 CRISPR-Cas 活性提供了一种机制，并为开发更精确的编辑工具开辟了途径。在这篇综述中，我们专注于针对 II 型 CRISPR-Cas 系统的抗 CRISPR 的抑制机制，并简要讨论了它们的生物技术应用。
