Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Nursing College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Mar 10;23(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02223-4.
Health literacy is a crucial factor that affects health outcomes. Understanding the current status of health literacy among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the basis for helping patients better manage risk factors and improve their health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the status of and factors influencing health literacy in patients with PCOS, and to validate the pathway between health literacy, quality of life, and self-efficacy for these patients.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 300 patients with PCOS in the gynecology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Zunyi from March to September 2022. Data on health literacy, demographic features, quality of life, and self-efficacy were collected. Multiple stepwise linear regression was conducted to assess the risk factors associated with health literacy for the study participants. A structural equation model was used to construct and validate the pathways.
Most participants exhibited low health literacy (3.61 ± 0.72), and only 25.70% had adequate health literacy. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the main factors associated with health literacy among participants included Body Mass Index (BMI) (B = -0.95, p < 0.01), education (B = 3.44, p < 0.01), duration of PCOS (B = 4.66, p < 0.01), quality of life (B = 0.25, p < 0.01), and self-efficacy (B = 0.76, p < 0.01). Multiple fit values indicated that the model fit the data effectively. The direct effect of health literacy on self-efficacy and quality of life was 0.06 and 0.32, respectively. The indirect effect of health literacy on quality of life was -0.053, and the total effect of health literacy on quality of life was 0.265.
Health literacy was low among patients with PCOS. Healthcare providers should pay more attention to health literacy and to developing the corresponding intervention strategies urgently needed to improve the quality of life and health behavior of patients with PCOS.
健康素养是影响健康结果的关键因素。了解多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者的健康素养现状是帮助患者更好地管理危险因素和改善健康结果的基础。本研究旨在探讨 PCOS 患者健康素养的现状及其影响因素，并验证健康素养、生活质量和自我效能之间的关系。
采用便利抽样法，于 2022 年 3 月至 9 月选取遵义市某三甲医院妇科门诊 300 例 PCOS 患者进行横断面研究。收集健康素养、人口统计学特征、生活质量和自我效能等数据。采用多元逐步线性回归分析评估研究对象健康素养的相关危险因素。构建并验证结构方程模型。
大多数参与者的健康素养较低（3.61±0.72），仅有 25.70%的参与者具有足够的健康素养。多元回归分析显示，参与者健康素养的主要影响因素包括体重指数（BMI）（B=-0.95，p<0.01）、教育程度（B=3.44，p<0.01）、PCOS 病程（B=4.66，p<0.01）、生活质量（B=0.25，p<0.01）和自我效能（B=0.76，p<0.01）。多项拟合值表明模型对数据的拟合效果良好。健康素养对自我效能和生活质量的直接效应分别为 0.06 和 0.32。健康素养对生活质量的间接效应为-0.053，健康素养对生活质量的总效应为 0.265。
PCOS 患者的健康素养较低。医护人员应更加关注健康素养，并紧急制定相应的干预策略，以提高 PCOS 患者的生活质量和健康行为。
