迪拉镇小学生营养状况的决定因素；有序逻辑回归模型的应用

Determinants of nutritional status among primary school students in Dilla Town; Application of an ordinal logistic regression model.

作者信息

Berhanu Getasew, Dessalegn Behailu, Ali Helen, Animut Kassahun

机构信息

Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.

Department of Public Health Nutrition, College of Health and Medical Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2023 Feb 21;9(3):e13928. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13928. eCollection 2023 Mar.

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13928

PMID:36895335

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9988510/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

One of the most frequent reasons for children's poor physical and mental development is malnutrition, becoming a more significant issue in most developing nations, including Ethiopia. Prior research used multiple anthropometric measurements separately to pinpoint undernutrition concerns in children. However, the impact of each explanatory variable on a single response category was not considered in these investigations. This study used a single composite index of anthropometric parameters to identify the factors affecting elementary school students' nutritional condition.

METHODS

In Dilla, Ethiopia, 494 primary school students took part in a cross-sectional institutional survey during the 2021 academic year. Principal component analysis was used to create a single composite measure of nutritional status using z-scores for the anthropometric indices of height-for-age and body mass index-for-age. The relative effectiveness of a partial proportional odds model was compared with several other ordinal regression models to identify the important variables for children's nutritional status.

RESULTS

27.94% of primary school students were undernourished (7.29% severely and 20.65% moderately). According to the fitted partial proportional odds model, the mother's education level (secondary or higher) was positively correlated with the nutritional status of primary school students, given that in this case the students ate three or more times per day and had a high dietary diversity score (OR = 5.94; CI: 2.2-16.0). Nevertheless, there was a negative correlation between larger family size (OR = 0.56; CI: 0.32-0.97), unprotected groundwater (OR = 0.76; CI: 0.6-0.96), and severely food insecure households (OR = 0.3; CI: 0.14-0.68).

CONCLUSION

In Dilla, Ethiopia, undernutrition among primary school students is a serious issue. It is essential to implement nutrition education and school feeding programs, improve drinking water sources, and boost the community's economy to alleviate the problems.

摘要

背景

儿童身心发育不良的最常见原因之一是营养不良，这在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的大多数发展中国家已成为一个更为突出的问题。先前的研究分别使用多种人体测量方法来确定儿童的营养不良问题。然而，这些研究并未考虑每个解释变量对单一反应类别的影响。本研究使用单一的人体测量参数综合指数来确定影响小学生营养状况的因素。

方法

在埃塞俄比亚的迪拉，494名小学生参与了2021学年的一项横断面机构调查。主成分分析用于使用年龄别身高和年龄别体重指数的人体测量指数的z分数创建营养状况的单一综合测量值。将部分比例优势模型的相对有效性与其他几个有序回归模型进行比较，以确定影响儿童营养状况的重要变量。

结果

27.94%的小学生营养不良（7.29%严重营养不良，20.65%中度营养不良）。根据拟合的部分比例优势模型，母亲的教育水平（中学或更高）与小学生的营养状况呈正相关，前提是在这种情况下学生每天进食三次或更多次且饮食多样性得分较高（比值比=5.94；可信区间：2.2-16.0）。然而，家庭规模较大（比值比=0.56；可信区间：0.32-0.97）、未受保护的地下水（比值比=0.76；可信区间：0.6-0.96）和严重粮食不安全家庭（比值比=0.3；可信区间：0.14-0.68）之间存在负相关。