Department of Sociology, University of California, 3151 Social Science Plaza Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2023 Mar;111:102853. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102853. Epub 2023 Feb 4.
The gender composition of information and communication technology (ICT) fields remain uneven across countries. One explanation is that gender stereotypes lead women to believe that they do not have the same aptitude for ICT fields as men, resulting in a deficit in women's self-assessed tech ability. Yet, studies on ICT confidence document wide variation in both the direction and magnitude of gender differences. This study asks whether there is, in fact, a gendered confidence gap in technological ability. Methods of meta-analysis evaluate gender differences in tech confidence based on the results of 120 effect sizes from 115 studies conducted in 22 countries from 1990 to 2019. While men report higher levels of self-assessed tech abilities compared to women, the gap is narrowing over time. Further, significant cross-national variation undermines essentialist explanations that imply universal sex differences. Rather, results are consistent with theorizing that emphasizes variations in cultural gender beliefs and opportunities.
信息和通信技术（ICT）领域的性别构成在各国之间仍然不均衡。一种解释是，性别刻板印象导致女性认为自己在 ICT 领域没有与男性相同的能力，从而导致女性对自己技术能力的自我评估不足。然而，关于 ICT 信心的研究记录了性别差异在方向和程度上的广泛变化。本研究探讨了在技术能力方面是否存在性别信心差距。元分析方法根据 1990 年至 2019 年间在 22 个国家进行的 115 项研究的 120 个效应量的结果，评估了科技信心方面的性别差异。虽然男性报告的自我评估技术能力水平高于女性，但这种差距随着时间的推移正在缩小。此外，显著的跨国差异破坏了暗示普遍存在性别差异的本质主义解释。相反，结果与强调文化性别信仰和机会变化的理论一致。
