Cuta Larissa, Baums Christoph Georg, Cramer Kerstin, Harzer Maxi, Hauptmann Jutta, Heenemann Kristin, Krautwald-Junghanns Maria-Elisabeth, Stegmaier Ines, Vahlenkamp Thomas W, Schmidt Volker
Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Institute of Bacteriology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 3;13(5):918. doi: 10.3390/ani13050918.
A recent study revealed that organically raised Bronze turkeys showed a high prevalence of green liver discoloration. This alteration is commonly associated with the Turkey Osteomyelitis Complex and potentially caused by opportunistic bacteria. Therefore, 360 organically fattened Bronze turkeys were examined post-mortem throughout two fattening trials with two examinations each to determine possible infectious risk factors and reduce disease prevalence. Clinical and pathoanatomical examinations were performed on every hen. Histopathological, bacteriological, parasitological, and virological examinations were performed on at least six hens without and, if applicable, six hens with green livers on each examination date. Overall, 9.0% of all hens had a green liver without a correlation with bacterial or parasitological findings but multiple health impairments. The discoloration correlated significantly with the detection of immunosuppressive turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus at the early stage and macro- and histological joint/bone lesions at the late fattening stage, indicating the presence of two different predisposing pathogeneses. Flocks not being vaccinated against hemorrhagic enteritis but having a virus-positive sample showed the highest prevalence of green liver discoloration and developed worse in various parameters. In conclusion, an adequate vaccination schedule and the prevention of field infections may lead to a decreased risk of performance reduction and improved animal health.
最近的一项研究表明，有机饲养的青铜火鸡肝脏呈现绿色的情况很普遍。这种变化通常与火鸡骨髓炎综合征有关，可能由机会性细菌引起。因此，在两项育肥试验中，对360只有机育肥的青铜火鸡进行了死后检查，每次检查两次，以确定可能的感染风险因素并降低疾病发生率。对每只母鸡都进行了临床和病理解剖检查。在每个检查日期，对至少六只没有绿色肝脏的母鸡以及（如适用）六只患有绿色肝脏的母鸡进行了组织病理学、细菌学、寄生虫学和病毒学检查。总体而言，所有母鸡中有9.0%的肝脏呈绿色，这与细菌或寄生虫学检查结果无关，但存在多种健康损害。这种变色与早期检测到免疫抑制性火鸡出血性肠炎病毒以及育肥后期的宏观和组织学关节/骨骼病变显著相关，表明存在两种不同的易感发病机制。未接种出血性肠炎疫苗但病毒检测呈阳性的鸡群，肝脏绿色变色的发生率最高，并且在各项参数方面表现更差。总之，制定适当的疫苗接种计划并预防野外感染可能会降低生产性能下降的风险，并改善动物健康状况。
