Cojkic Aleksandar, Morrell Jane M
Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences SLU, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 5;13(5):942. doi: 10.3390/ani13050942.
Animal welfare is a complex subject; as such, it requires a multidimensional approach with the main aim of providing the animals with the "five freedoms". The violations of any one of these freedoms could have an influence on animal wellbeing on different levels. Over the years, many welfare quality protocols were developed in the EU thanks to the Welfare Quality project. Unfortunately, there is a lack of such summarized information about bull welfare assessment in artificial insemination stations or about how disturbed welfare can be reflected in their productivity. Animal reproduction is the basis for the production of meat and milk; therefore, factors contributing to reduced fertility in bulls are not only indicators of animal welfare but also have implications for human health and the environment. Optimizing the reproductive efficiency of bulls at an early age can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this review, welfare quality assessment will be evaluated for these production animals using reproduction efficiency as a key area, focusing on stress as a main effect of poor animal welfare and, thereby, reduced fertility. We will address various welfare aspects and possible changes in resources or management to improve outcomes.
动物福利是一个复杂的主题；因此，它需要一种多维度的方法，其主要目标是为动物提供“五大自由”。对这些自由中任何一项的侵犯都可能在不同层面上影响动物的健康。多年来，由于“福利质量”项目，欧盟制定了许多福利质量协议。遗憾的是，缺乏关于人工授精站公牛福利评估的此类汇总信息，也缺乏关于福利受扰如何在其生产力中体现的信息。动物繁殖是肉类和奶类生产的基础；因此，导致公牛繁殖力下降的因素不仅是动物福利的指标，还对人类健康和环境有影响。在早期优化公牛的繁殖效率有助于减少温室气体排放。在本综述中，将以繁殖效率为关键领域，对这些生产动物的福利质量评估进行评价，重点关注应激这一动物福利不佳的主要影响因素，以及由此导致的繁殖力下降。我们将探讨各种福利方面以及资源或管理方面可能的变化，以改善结果。
