Al-Shareef Ebtihal, Khan Lateef M, Alsieni Mohammed, Karim Shahid, Kamel Fatemah O, Alkreathy Huda M, Bafail Duaa A, Ibrahim Ibrahim M, Burzangi Abdulhadi S, Bazuhair Mohammed A
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Support Services, Pharmacy & Therapeutic Section, Royal Commission Medical Center, Yanbu 46451, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Feb 23;11(5):660. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11050660.
Seeking an alternative approach for detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in coronavirus patients (COVID-19) and enhancing drug safety, a retrospective study of six months was conducted utilizing an electronic medical record (EMR) database to detect ADRs in hospitalized patients for COVID-19, using "ADR prompt indicators" (APIs). Consequently, confirmed ADRs were subjected to multifaceted analyses, such as demographic attribution, relationship with specific drugs and implication for organs and systems of the body, incidence rate, type, severity, and preventability of ADR. The incidence rate of ADRs is 37%, the predisposition of organs and systems to ADR is observed remarkably in the hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal systems at 41.8% vs. 36.2%, < 0.0001, and the classes of drugs implicated in the ADRs are lopinavir-ritonavir 16.3%, antibiotics 24.1%, and hydroxychloroquine12.8%. Furthermore, the duration of hospitalization and polypharmacy are significantly higher in patients with ADRs at 14.13 ± 7.87 versus 9.55 ± 7.90, < 0.001, and 9.74 ± 5.51 versus 6.98 ± 4.36, < 0.0001, respectively. Comorbidities are detected in 42.5% of patients and 75.2%, of patients with DM, and HTN, displaying significant ADRs, -value < 0.05. This is a symbolic study providing a comprehensive acquaintance of the importance of APIs in detecting hospitalized ADRs, revealing increased detection rates and robust assertive values with insignificant costs, incorporating the hospital EMR database, and enhancing transparency and time effectiveness.
为了寻找检测新冠病毒患者（COVID-19）药物不良反应（ADR）的替代方法并提高药物安全性，利用电子病历（EMR）数据库进行了一项为期六个月的回顾性研究，以使用“ADR提示指标”（API）检测COVID-19住院患者的ADR。结果，对确诊的ADR进行了多方面分析，如人口统计学归因、与特定药物的关系以及对身体器官和系统的影响、ADR的发生率、类型、严重程度和可预防性。ADR的发生率为37%，在肝胆系统和胃肠道系统中，ADR的器官和系统易感性显著，分别为41.8%和36.2%，<0.0001，与ADR相关的药物类别为洛匹那韦-利托那韦16.3%、抗生素24.1%和羟氯喹12.8%。此外，发生ADR的患者住院时间和联合用药情况显著更高，分别为14.13±7.87天和9.55±7.90天，<0.001，以及9.74±5.51种和6.98±4.36种，<0.0001。42.5%的患者检测出合并症，75.2%的糖尿病和高血压患者显示出显著的ADR，P值<0.05。这是一项具有标志性的研究，全面认识了API在检测住院患者ADR中的重要性，揭示了更高的检测率和强大的肯定价值，成本微不足道，纳入了医院EMR数据库，并提高了透明度和时间效率。
