School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 24;20(5):4060. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054060.
In Japan, the proportion of the older adult population-the post-war baby boomer generation-is increasing rapidly and presenting new problems, such as suicide among baby boomers and the burden of family care. The purpose of this study was to clarify how baby boomers changed their occupational balance between their 40s and 60s. This study used public statistical data from the Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities published by the Statistics Bureau of Japan to analyze the longitudinal characteristics of the time allocation of baby boomers. The findings of this study showed gender differences in occupational balance among the study population. The occupational balance of men changed due to occupational transition after mandatory retirement, but that of women did not change significantly. Longitudinally examining the time allocation changes of one generation revealed that the readjustment of occupational balance is necessary during life role changes, such as retirement. Moreover, if this readjustment is not carried out properly, individuals will experience role overload and loss.
在日本，老年人口（即战后婴儿潮一代）的比例正在迅速增加，这带来了新的问题，如婴儿潮一代的自杀率和家庭护理的负担。本研究旨在阐明婴儿潮一代如何在 40 多岁到 60 多岁之间改变其职业平衡。本研究使用了日本统计局发布的《时间利用和休闲活动调查》中的公共统计数据，分析了婴儿潮一代时间分配的纵向特征。研究结果表明，研究人群的职业平衡存在性别差异。男性的职业平衡因强制性退休后的职业转变而发生变化，但女性的职业平衡没有显著变化。纵向考察一代人的时间分配变化表明，在退休等生活角色变化期间，有必要重新调整职业平衡。此外，如果这种调整不当，个人将经历角色过载和丧失。
