Global Health, Maastricht University, 6221 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Bamford Centre for Mental Health & Wellbeing, Ulster University, Coleraine BT51 5SA, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 1;20(5):4409. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054409.
(1) Background: Approximately half of all refugees living in Germany experience discrimination, which may negatively affect their mental health. Moreover, German refugees have experienced hostility, especially in eastern regions. (2) Aims: We examined the effect of perceived discrimination on refugees' mental health in Germany, with a particular focus on possible regional differences of refugee mental health and perceived discrimination. (3) Method: The data of 2075 refugees who arrived in Germany between 2013 and 2016, from a large-scale survey, was analysed using binary logistic regression. The refugee health screener, 13-item version, was used to assess psychological distress. All effects were investigated for the entire sample and both sexes independently. (4) Results: A third of refugees experienced discrimination which increased the risk of psychological distress ( = 2.25 [1.80, 2.8]). Those living in eastern Germany were more than twice as likely to report experiences of discrimination, compared to their counterparts living in western Germany ( = 2.52 [1.98, 3.21]). Differences were noted between males and females, and religious attendance. (5) Conclusions: Perceived discrimination is a risk factor for refugee mental health, particularly female refugees in eastern Germany. An east-west regional difference may be explained by socio-structural factors, rural placement, differential historical exposure to migrant populations, and a greater presence of right-wing and populist parties in eastern Germany.
（1）背景：约一半居住在德国的难民经历过歧视，这可能对他们的心理健康产生负面影响。此外，德国难民经历过敌意，尤其是在东部地区。（2）目的：我们研究了在德国，难民感知到的歧视对他们心理健康的影响，特别关注难民心理健康和感知到的歧视可能存在的地区差异。（3）方法：对 2013 年至 2016 年间抵达德国的 2075 名难民的大型调查数据进行了分析，采用二元逻辑回归法。使用难民健康筛查器（13 项版本）评估心理困扰。对整个样本和男女独立进行了所有效应的调查。（4）结果：三分之一的难民经历过歧视，这增加了他们心理困扰的风险（ = 2.25 [1.80, 2.8]）。与居住在西德的难民相比，居住在东德的难民报告歧视经历的可能性高出两倍多（ = 2.52 [1.98, 3.21]）。男女之间和宗教信仰方面存在差异。（5）结论：难民感知到的歧视是难民心理健康的一个风险因素，尤其是居住在东德的女性难民。东西部地区的差异可能可以用社会结构因素、农村安置、不同的历史上对移民群体的接触以及东德右翼和民粹主义政党的存在来解释。
