Human Nutrition Laboratory, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Unité Diocésaine d'Enseignement de Recherche et de Service Hinche, Université Notre Dame d'Haiti, Route Nationale 3, Sapaterre, Hinche BP 1594, Haiti.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 22;15(5):1092. doi: 10.3390/nu15051092.
Iodine intake in Haiti has increased in recent years thanks to the "Bon Sel" social enterprise approach to salt fortification and distribution by the market segment. However, it was uncertain whether this salt reached remote communities. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the iodine status of school-age children (SAC) and women of reproductive age (WRA) in a remote region of the Central Plateau. A total of 400 children (9-13 years) and 322 women (18-44 years) were recruited through schools and churches, respectively. Urinary iodine (UIC) and urinary creatinine (UCC) concentrations were measured in spot samples, and thyroglobulin (Tg) on dried blood spots. Their iodine intake was estimated, and dietary information collected. The median (IQR) UIC in SAC was 130 µg/L (79-204, = 399), and in WRA, 115 µg/L (73-173, = 322). The median (IQR) Tg in SAC was 19.7 µg/L (14.0-27.6, = 370), and in WRA, 12.2 µg/L (7.9-19.0, = 183); 10% of SAC had Tg > 40 µg/L. Estimated iodine intake was 77 µg/day and 202 µg/day in SAC and WRA, respectively. Iodized table salt was rarely consumed, though bouillon was used daily; this is hypothesized to be a major contributor to dietary iodine intake. Iodine intake in this remote region seems to have improved considerably since the 2018 national survey, though SAC remain at risk. These results point to the potential effectiveness of using social business principles to deliver humanitarian solutions.
近年来，海地的碘摄入量有所增加，这要归功于“Bon Sel”社会企业通过市场部分进行盐强化和分销的方法。然而，尚不确定这种盐是否到达偏远社区。本横断面研究旨在评估中高原偏远地区学龄儿童（SAC）和育龄妇女（WRA）的碘状况。通过学校和教堂分别招募了 400 名儿童（9-13 岁）和 322 名妇女（18-44 岁）。采集了随机尿样测量尿碘（UIC）和尿肌酐（UCC）浓度，并在干血斑上测量甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）。估计了他们的碘摄入量并收集了饮食信息。SAC 的尿碘中位数（IQR）为 130µg/L（79-204， = 399），WRA 的尿碘中位数为 115µg/L（73-173， = 322）。SAC 的甲状腺球蛋白中位数（IQR）为 19.7µg/L（14.0-27.6， = 370），WRA 的甲状腺球蛋白中位数为 12.2µg/L（7.9-19.0， = 183）；10%的 SAC 的甲状腺球蛋白 > 40µg/L。SAC 和 WRA 的碘摄入量分别估计为 77µg/天和 202µg/天。尽管每天都使用肉汤，但很少食用碘盐。这被假设是饮食中碘摄入量的主要来源。与 2018 年全国调查相比，这个偏远地区的碘摄入量似乎有了显著提高，但 SAC 仍有风险。这些结果表明，利用社会企业原则提供人道主义解决方案可能具有潜在的有效性。
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